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Tin vs Praseodymium

Tin
Praseodymium
Praseodymium vs Tin


Periodic Table
Symbol
Sn  
Pr  
Group Number
14  
4
3  
15
Period Number
5  
6  
Block
p block  
f block  
Element Family
Post-​Transition  
Lanthanide  
CAS Number
7440315  
99+
7440100  
99+
Space Group Name
I41/amd  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
141.00  
10
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
  • Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
  
  • Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
  • Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
-  
-  
Discovery
Before 3500 BC  
In 1885  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
21
0.00 %  
23
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
34
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
26
0.00 %  
39
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
15
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
  • Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
  
  • The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
  • This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
  
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry  
Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Moderately Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3  
10
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
33
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.  
17
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
231.90 °C  
99+
935.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C  
99+
3,130.00 °C  
28
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Grayish White  
Luster
-  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50  
19
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
481.00 MPa  
29
Vickers Hardness
50.00 MPa  
99+
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s  
99+
2,280.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.40  
7
1.64  
30
Reflectivity
51.00 %  
30
60.00 %  
23
Allotropes
Yes  
No  
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)  
-  
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)  
-  
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Sn  
Pr  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96  
9
1.13  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49  
19
1.13  
36
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72  
5
1.07  
33
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21  
5
1.13  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.82  
14
1.13  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04  
99+
2.87  
12
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,020.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol  
30
2,086.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol  
99+
3,761.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol  
21
5,551.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
39
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
35
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
32
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
36
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
34
5,274.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol  
31
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
27
52,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
52,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
527.30 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
7,086.00 kJ/mol  
33
5,270.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
39
527.30 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
33
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol  
27
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
99+
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
26
527.40 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
28
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
527.40 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
527.40 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
32
527.40 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
33
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol  
27
527.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.75 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV  
22
2.70 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
50  
99+
59  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2  
[Xe] 4f3 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
50  
99+
59  
99+
Number of Neutrons
69  
99+
82  
99+
Number of Electrons
50  
99+
59  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm  
40
182.00 pm  
13
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
203.00 pm  
9
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm  
29
239.00 pm  
18
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu  
99+
140.91 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol  
99+
20.80 cm3/mol  
25
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Indium
  
Cerium
  
Next Element
Cesium
  
Neodymium
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)  
14
42.64 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm  
7
367.25 pm  
32
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
0.68  
99+
1.61  
18
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3  
99+
6.77 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3  
99+
6.50 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
15.00 MPa  
99+
55.00 MPa  
37
Viscosity
0.00  
15
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
27
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
38
13.20 (Pa)  
7
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa  
99+
14.80 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa  
21
28.80 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa  
39
37.30 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.36  
8
0.28  
16
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.31  
99+
6.77  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
30
0.00  
19
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m  
28
0.70 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω  
28
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol  
9
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)  
28
0.19 J/(kg K)  
33
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K  
26
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K  
25
12.50 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
505.00 K  
99+
1,208.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)  
21
6.70 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol  
99+
296.80 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol  
99+
6.89 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol  
99+
368.00 kJ/mol  
33
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K  
40
73.20 J/mol.K  
10
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