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Vanadium Bismuth Comparison

Vanadium
Bismuth
Bismuth Vanadium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
V  
Bi  
Group Number
5  
13
15  
3
Period Number
4  
6  
Block
d block  
p block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440622  
27
7440699  
22
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
C12/m1  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
12.00  
15
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
  • Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Andrés Manuel del Río  
Claude François Geoffroy  
Discovery
In 1801  
In 1753  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
11
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
13
0.00 %  
14
Abundance In Meteorites
0.01 %  
14
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.02 %  
12
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
14
0.00 %  
24
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
  • Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry  
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
39
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3  
20
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
36
0.20 p.p.m.  
27
Physical
Melting Point
1,890.00 °C  
13
271.30 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
3,380.00 °C  
21
1,560.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Blue-Silver Grey  
Silver  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.70  
4
2.25  
16
Brinell Hardness
600.00 MPa  
24
70.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
628.00 MPa  
25
30.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
4,560.00 m/s  
22
1,790.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.05  
13
2.50  
5
Reflectivity
61.00 %  
22
70.00 %  
13
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
V  
Bi  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
22  
17
33  
6
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.63  
21
2.02  
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.39  
21
2.34  
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.45  
17
1.67  
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.63  
21
2.15  
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.53  
29
2.01  
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.37  
34
1.98  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
2nd Energy Level
1,414.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,610.00 kJ/mol  
34
3rd Energy Level
2,830.00 kJ/mol  
36
2,466.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,507.00 kJ/mol  
35
4,370.00 kJ/mol  
38
5th Energy Level
6,298.70 kJ/mol  
38
5,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
12,363.00 kJ/mol  
6
8,520.00 kJ/mol  
29
7th Energy level
14,530.00 kJ/mol  
5
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
16,730.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
37
9th Energy Level
19,860.00 kJ/mol  
7
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
10th Energy Level
22,240.00 kJ/mol  
12
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
38
11th Energy Level
24,670.00 kJ/mol  
15
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
36
12th Energy Level
29,730.00 kJ/mol  
34
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
32,446.00 kJ/mol  
12
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
32
14th Energy Level
86,450.00 kJ/mol  
1
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
22
15th Energy Level
94,170.00 kJ/mol  
3
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
28
16th Energy Level
102,300.00 kJ/mol  
3
70,300.00 kJ/mol  
23
17th Energy Level
112,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
703.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
121,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
34
19th Energy Level
130,700.00 kJ/mol  
6
703.00 kJ/mol  
40
20th Energy Level
143,400.00 kJ/mol  
8
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
21st Energy Level
151,440.00 kJ/mol  
8
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
12
22nd Energy Level
650.00 kJ/mol  
32
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
23rd Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
7,030.00 kJ/mol  
10
24th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
34
703.00 kJ/mol  
27
25th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
26th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
35
703.00 kJ/mol  
28
27th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
36
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
28th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
34
29th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
99+
703.00 kJ/mol  
35
30th Energy Level
650.90 kJ/mol  
38
703.00 kJ/mol  
29
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.38 g/amp-hr  
99+
2.60 g/amp-hr  
23
Electron Work Function
4.30 eV  
25
4.22 eV  
29
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
23  
99+
83  
33
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2  
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Rhombohedral (RHO)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
23  
99+
83  
33
Number of Neutrons
28  
99+
126  
19
Number of Electrons
23  
99+
83  
33
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
134.00 pm  
99+
156.00 pm  
31
Covalent Radius
153.00 pm  
35
148.00 pm  
38
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm  
35
207.00 pm  
33
Atomic Weight
50.94 amu  
99+
208.98 amu  
29
Atomic Volume
8.78 cm3/mol  
99+
21.30 cm3/mol  
23
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Titanium
  
Lead
  
Next Element
Chromium
  
Polonium
  
Valence Electron Potential
120.00 (-eV)  
6
41.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
303.00 pm  
99+
667.40 pm  
2
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.70  
9
1.86  
4
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
6.00 g/cm3  
99+
9.78 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.50 g/cm3  
99+
10.05 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
800.00 MPa  
6
32.00 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
11
0.00  
29
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.23 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
47.00 GPa  
16
12.00 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
160.00 GPa  
11
31.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
128.00 GPa  
17
32.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.33  
11
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
5.96  
99+
9.79  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Diamagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
15
0.00 H/m  
20
Susceptibility
0.00  
8
0.00  
36
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
Semiconductor  
Resistivity
197.00 nΩ·m  
19
1.29 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
40
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.60 kJ/mol  
25
91.20 kJ/mol  
13
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.49 J/(kg K)  
10
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
24.89 J/mol·K  
99+
25.52 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
30.70 W/m·K  
40
7.97 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,183.00 K  
15
544.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
8.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.40 µm/(m·K)  
34
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
458.60 kJ/mol  
19
151.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.57 kJ/mol  
14
10.90 kJ/mol  
39
Enthalpy of Atomization
514.60 kJ/mol  
17
207.10 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
28.90 J/mol.K  
99+
56.70 J/mol.K  
32
Summary >>
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