Osmium vs Rhenium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Os
Re
Group Number
8
10
7
11
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440042
99+
7440155
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Masataka Ogawa
Discovery
In 1803
In 1908
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-7 %
21
2 * 10-8 %
29
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.00000001 %
29
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
28
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
34
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
- It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C
3
3,180.00 °C
2
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C
6
5,627.00 °C
2
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silvery Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.00
3
7.00
3
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa
1
1,320.00 MPa
8
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
1,350.00 MPa
7
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s
11
4,700.00 m/s
15
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Os
Re
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20
4
1.90
11
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52
12
1.46
15
Allen Electronegativity
1.65
19
1.60
21
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80
99+
2.10
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol
12
760.00 kJ/mol
20
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
1,260.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,510.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
3,640.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr
38
0.99 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV
8
4.96 eV
7
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
76
40
75
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
76
39
75
40
Number of Neutrons
114
25
111
26
Number of Electrons
76
39
75
40
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm
99+
137.00 pm
40
Covalent Radius
Not Available
151.00 pm
34
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm
24
200.00 pm
28
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu
35
186.21 amu
36
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol
99+
8.85 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)
12
180.00 (-eV)
3
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm
99+
276.10 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58
14
1.62
3
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3
9
21.02 g/cm3
12
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3
1
18.90 g/cm3
4
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa
4
1,070.00 MPa
3
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
28
0.00 (Pa)
29
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa
1
178.00 GPa
3
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa
1
370.00 GPa
2
Young's Modulus
Not Available
463.00 GPa
2
Poisson Ratio
0.25
24
0.30
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
22.57
2
21.02
5
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m
35
193.00 nΩ·m
20
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω
18
0.05 106/cm Ω
33
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol
9
14.50 kJ/mol
35
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K
99+
25.48 J/mol·K
38
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K
19
48.00 W/m·K
31
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
6.20 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol
7
707.10 kJ/mol
3
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol
4
33.05 kJ/mol
2
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol
6
791.00 kJ/mol
2
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
36.90 J/mol.K
99+
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