Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Calcium ranks 5th rank in the list of earth’s abundance Percentage.
- It is found in the compound state.
- Gypsum or calcium sulfate is used as plaster and plaster of paris.
- Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
- Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
Karl Ernst Claus
Discovery
In 1808
In 1844
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- It is used as a reducing agent while preparing metals like thorium and uranium. It is also used as an alloying agent for metals such as aluminum, copper & lead.
- Calcium carbonate or lime stone is used in cement.
- It is used for producing chip resistors and contact.
- Ruthenium oxide is used to coat the anodes cells for chlorine production in chemical industry. It also works as catalysts for ammonia and acetic acid reaction.
Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
Medical Research
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
11th Energy Level
Not Available
12th Energy Level
Not Available
13th Energy Level
Not Available
14th Energy Level
Not Available
15th Energy Level
Not Available
16th Energy Level
Not Available
17th Energy Level
Not Available
18th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s2
[Kr] 4d7 5s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Calcium.jpg#100
rystal-Structure-of-Ruthenium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available