Gallium Properties

Gallium

Physical

Melting Point

29.78 °C 79

Boiling Point

2,403.00 °C 47

Hardness

Mohs Hardness

1.50 18

Brinell Hardness

56.80 MPa 47

Vickers Hardness

Not Available 0

Optical Properties

Refractive Index

Not Available 0

Reflectivity

Not Available 0

Speed of Sound

2,740.00 m/s 31

Allotropes

No 0

α Allotropes

Not Available 0

β Allotropes

Not Available 0

γ Allotropes

Not Available 0

Chemical

Chemical Formula

Ga 0

Isotopes

Known Isotopes

24 15

Electronegativity

Pauling Electronegativity

1.81 15

Sanderson Electronegativity

2.42 2

Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.82 1

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

2.01 5

Allen Electronegativity

1.76 14

Electropositivity

Pauling Electropositivity

2.19 39

Ionization Energies

1st Energy Level

578.80 kJ/mol 64

2nd Energy Level

1,979.30 kJ/mol 13

3rd Energy Level

2,963.00 kJ/mol 28

Electrochemical Equivalent

0.87 g/amp-hr 61

Electron Work Function

4.20 eV 23

Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes 0

Mechanical

Density

Density At Room Temperature

5.91 g/cm³ 67

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

6.10 g/cm3 42

Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.00 (Pa) 15

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

Not Available 0

Tensile Strength

Not Available 0

Viscosity

Not Available 0

Elasticity properties

Shear Modulus

Not Available 0

Bulk Modulus

Not Available 0

Young's Modulus

9.80 GPa 53

Poisson Ratio

0.47 1

Other Mechanical Properties

NA 0

Periodic Table

Symbol

Ga 0

Group Number

13 5

Period Number

4 4

Block

p block 0

Element Family

Post-Transition 0

Atomic

Atomic Number

31 76

Atomic Weight

69.72 amu 70

Atomic Volume

11.80 cm3/mol 42

Electron Configuration

[Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p¹ 0

Valence Electron Potential

69.70 (-eV) 19

Atom

Number of Protons

31 75

Number of Neutrons

39 57

Number of Electrons

31 75

Crystal Structure

Orthorhombic (ORTH) 0

Crystal Lattice

ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100 0

Radius of an Atom

Atomic Radius

135.00 pm 42

Covalent Radius

122.00 pm 52

Van der Waals Radius

187.00 pm 32

Lattice Constant

451.97 pm 18

Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2 0

Lattice C/A Ratio

Not Available 0

Adjacent Atomic Numbers

Next Element

45 0

Previous Element

21 0

Magnetic

Electrical Properties

Resistivity

270.00 nΩ·m 15

Electrical Conductivity

0.07 10⁶/cm Ω 29

Electron Affinity

28.90 kJ/mol 31

Electrical Property

Semiconductor 0

Magnetic Characteristics

Specific Gravity

5.91 54

Magnetic Ordering

Diamagnetic 0

Permeability

Not Available 0

Susceptibility

Not Available 0

Thermal

Specific Heat

0.37 J/(kg K) 16

Thermal Conductivity

40.60 W/m·K 34

Critical Temperature

Not Available 0

Molar Heat Capacity

25.86 J/mol·K 35

Thermal Expansion

18.00 µm/(m·K) 24

Standard Molar Entropy

40.80 J/mol.K 38

Enthalpy

Enthalpy of Vaporization

256.10 kJ/mol 36

Enthalpy of Fusion

5.59 kJ/mol 51

Enthalpy of Atomization

276.10 kJ/mol 39

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