Mercury Radium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg
Ra
Group Number
12
6
2
16
Period Number
6
7
Block
d block
s block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7439976
99+
7440144
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
166.00
6
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Not Available
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE
In 1898
Abundance
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %
9
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
20
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
- It is used in luminous paints.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
Dentistry
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
23
Not Available
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.
19
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available
700.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
356.58 °C
99+
1,737.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Liquid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery White
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s
99+
Not Available
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.00
3
Not Available
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
Not Available
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg
Ra
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
34
5
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00
7
0.90
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20
7
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
0.97
38
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81
9
0.92
20
Allen Electronegativity
1.44
30
0.89
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00
99+
3.10
5
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
4
509.30 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol
20
979.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol
20
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr
10
4.22 g/amp-hr
6
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV
15
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80
36
88
30
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Rn] 7s2
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
80
36
88
30
Number of Neutrons
121
22
138
16
Number of Electrons
80
36
88
30
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm
32
Not Available
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm
99+
221.00 pm
3
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm
99+
283.00 pm
4
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu
32
226.00 amu
26
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol
35
45.20 cm3/mol
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)
99+
20.10 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm
99+
514.80 pm
13
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3
24
5.50 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
0.00
1
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
13.53
16
5.00
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Nonmagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
NA
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m
1
100.00 nΩ·m
31
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Not Available
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)
38
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K
13
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K
99+
18.60 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K
6
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)
5
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol
99+
163.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K
6
71.00 J/mol.K
14
|
||
|
||
|
