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Mercury vs Mercury

Mercury
Mercury
Mercury vs Mercury


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg   
Hg   
Group Number
12   
6
12   
6
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439976   
99+
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %   
9
0.05 %   
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available   
Not Available   
Boiling Point
356.58 °C   
99+
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Liquid   
Liquid   
Color
Silver   
Silver   
Luster
NA   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
3
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81   
9
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
1.44   
30
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV   
15
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80   
36
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
80   
36
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
121   
22
121   
22
Number of Electrons
80   
36
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm   
99+
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu   
32
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gold
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Thallium
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm   
99+
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3   
24
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
0.00   
1
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.53   
16
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K   
6
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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