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Mercury vs Zinc

Mercury
Zinc
Zinc vs Mercury


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg   
Zn   
Group Number
12   
6
12   
6
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7439976   
99+
7440666   
24
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Indian metallurgists   
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE   
Before 1000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
3 * 10-5 %   
11
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0002 %   
10
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %   
9
0.01 %   
16
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
10
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
6
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
170.00 p.p.m.   
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available   
419.58 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
356.58 °C   
99+
907.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Liquid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
327.00 MPa   
32
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
3,850.00 m/s   
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
3
1.00   
2
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
80.00 %   
5
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg   
Zn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
1.65   
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
2.23   
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.66   
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81   
9
1.65   
11
Allen Electronegativity
1.44   
30
1.59   
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
2.35   
35
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
906.40 kJ/mol   
6
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
1,733.30 kJ/mol   
27
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
3,833.00 kJ/mol   
12
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,731.00 kJ/mol   
11
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,970.00 kJ/mol   
9
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
10,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,900.00 kJ/mol   
9
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
16,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
19,600.00 kJ/mol   
8
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
23,000.00 kJ/mol   
10
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
26,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,990.00 kJ/mol   
11
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
40,490.00 kJ/mol   
5
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
43,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,300.00 kJ/mol   
8
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,300.00 kJ/mol   
9
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
59,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
67,300.00 kJ/mol   
10
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
171,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
179,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
1.22 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV   
15
4.33 eV   
17
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80   
36
30   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
[Ar] 3d10 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
80   
36
30   
99+
Number of Neutrons
121   
22
35   
99+
Number of Electrons
80   
36
30   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
122.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm   
99+
139.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu   
32
65.38 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
9.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gold
  
Copper
  
Next Element
Thallium
  
Gallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
38.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm   
99+
266.49 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3   
24
7.14 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
6.57 g/cm3   
37
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
0.00   
1
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
43.00 GPa   
18
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
70.00 GPa   
19
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
108.00 GPa   
19
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.25   
24
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.53   
16
6.90   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
59.00 nΩ·m   
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.17 106/cm Ω   
12
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
0.39 J/(kg K)   
14
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
25.47 J/mol·K   
39
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
116.00 W/m·K   
14
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K   
6
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
30.20 µm/(m·K)   
11
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
129.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
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