Osmium Platinum Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Os
Pt
Group Number
8
10
10
8
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440042
99+
7440064
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Antonio de Ulloa
Discovery
In 1803
In 1735
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-7 %
21
5 * 10-7 %
19
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~0.0000009 %
19
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
28
0.00 %
25
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
- It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C
3
1,772.00 °C
16
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C
6
3,827.00 °C
15
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.00
3
3.50
11
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa
1
300.00 MPa
34
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
400.00 MPa
25
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s
11
2,800.00 m/s
29
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
Not Available
73.00 %
8
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Os
Pt
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20
4
2.28
3
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52
12
1.44
17
Allen Electronegativity
1.65
19
1.72
16
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80
99+
1.72
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol
12
870.00 kJ/mol
10
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr
38
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV
8
5.65 eV
1
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
76
40
78
38
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
76
39
78
38
Number of Neutrons
114
25
117
24
Number of Electrons
76
39
78
38
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm
99+
139.00 pm
39
Covalent Radius
Not Available
136.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm
24
175.00 pm
36
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu
35
47.87 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol
99+
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)
12
392.42 (-eV)
1
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm
99+
392.42 pm
24
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58
14
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3
9
21.45 g/cm3
11
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3
1
19.77 g/cm3
2
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa
4
125.00 MPa
14
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
28
0.07 (Pa)
18
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa
1
61.00 GPa
14
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa
1
230.00 GPa
6
Young's Modulus
Not Available
168.00 GPa
14
Poisson Ratio
0.25
24
0.38
6
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
22.57
2
21.45
4
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
0.00 H/m
3
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m
35
105.00 nΩ·m
30
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω
18
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol
9
205.30 kJ/mol
2
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K
99+
25.86 J/mol·K
35
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K
19
71.60 W/m·K
24
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol
7
510.50 kJ/mol
11
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol
4
19.70 kJ/mol
12
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol
6
565.00 kJ/mol
11
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
41.60 J/mol.K
36
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