Element Family
Transition Metal
Lanthanide
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
- Gadolinium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
- Gadolinium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
Discovery
In 1803
In 1880
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
-
It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
- Its alloys are also used in making Magnets, electronic components and Data storage devices.
- Compound of Gadolinium metal are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silvery White
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
Covalent Radius
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available