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Osmium vs Iron

Osmium
Iron
Iron vs Osmium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Os  
Fe  
Group Number
8  
10
8  
10
Period Number
6  
4  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440042  
99+
7439896  
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
  • Iron is not always magnetic in nature, its allotrope are ferromagnetic and the B allotrope is nonmagnetic.
  • The blood consists Iron in hemoglobin molecules to transfer Oxygen in the body.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant  
-  
Discovery
In 1803  
Before 5000 BC  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
22
0.11 %  
1
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
25
0.10 %  
1
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
28
22.00 %  
1
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
6.30 %  
2
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
12
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.01 %  
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
  • Iron metal alloy steel is used in the application of civil engineering and manufacturing.
  • Alloys of iron with nickel, vanadium, chromium, tungsten and manganese have very useful properties.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
-  
Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys, Sculptures, Statues  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
447.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
3
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
380.00 p.p.m.  
5
Physical
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C  
3
1,535.00 °C  
25
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C  
6
2,750.00 °C  
39
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray  
Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00  
3
4.00  
11
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa  
1
200.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
3,920.00 MPa  
1
608.00 MPa  
27
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s  
15
5,120.00 m/s  
12
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.07  
12
2.60  
4
Reflectivity
80.00 %  
7
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
Yes  
α Allotropes
-  
Ferrite (alpha Iron)  
β Allotropes
-  
beta Iron  
γ Allotropes
-  
gamma Iron  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Os  
Fe  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
1.83  
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52  
13
1.64  
9
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.83  
16
Allen Electronegativity
1.65  
22
1.80  
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.17  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
12
762.50 kJ/mol  
17
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
1,561.90 kJ/mol  
37
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,957.00 kJ/mol  
29
4th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,290.00 kJ/mol  
25
5th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
7,240.00 kJ/mol  
25
6th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
9,560.00 kJ/mol  
20
7th Energy level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
12,060.00 kJ/mol  
15
8th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
14,580.00 kJ/mol  
14
9th Energy Level
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
22,540.00 kJ/mol  
5
10th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
25,290.00 kJ/mol  
8
11th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
23
28,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
12th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
31,920.00 kJ/mol  
31
13th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
34,830.00 kJ/mol  
9
14th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
37,840.00 kJ/mol  
11
15th Energy Level
84,000.00 kJ/mol  
12
44,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
47,206.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
29
122,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
18th Energy Level
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
131,000.00 kJ/mol  
2
19th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
27
140,500.00 kJ/mol  
3
20th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
19
152,600.00 kJ/mol  
5
21st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
39
163,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
22nd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
15
173,600.00 kJ/mol  
4
23rd Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
188,100.00 kJ/mol  
4
24th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
11
195,200.00 kJ/mol  
1
25th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
26th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
762.50 kJ/mol  
15
27th Energy Level
713.30 kJ/mol  
24
762.50 kJ/mol  
14
28th Energy Level
840.10 kJ/mol  
13
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
29th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
13
762.50 kJ/mol  
20
30th Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
762.00 kJ/mol  
15
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV  
13
4.70 eV  
15
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
76  
40
26  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2  
[Ar] 3d6 4s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
76  
39
26  
99+
Number of Neutrons
114  
26
30  
99+
Number of Electrons
76  
39
26  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm  
99+
126.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
128.00 pm  
99+
132.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm  
30
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu  
35
55.85 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol  
99+
7.10 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Manganese
  
Next Element
Iridium
  
Cobalt
  
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)  
12
67.00 (-eV)  
20
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm  
99+
286.65 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
37
1.35  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3  
9
7.87 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3  
11
6.98 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa  
4
11,000.00 MPa  
1
Viscosity
0.00  
3
0.00  
19
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
39
36.80 (Pa)  
5
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa  
1
82.00 GPa  
11
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa  
1
170.00 GPa  
10
Young's Modulus
528.00 GPa  
1
211.00 GPa  
9
Poisson Ratio
0.25  
24
0.29  
15
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
22.57  
11
7.20  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Ferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.01 H/m  
1
Susceptibility
0.00  
17
200,000.00  
1
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m  
35
96.10 nΩ·m  
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω  
21
0.10 106/cm Ω  
24
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol  
10
15.70 kJ/mol  
40
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.44 J/(kg K)  
13
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K  
99+
25.10 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K  
19
80.40 W/m·K  
22
Critical Temperature
3,300.00 K  
3
1,811.00 K  
29
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol  
8
351.00 kJ/mol  
33
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol  
4
14.90 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol  
6
414.20 kJ/mol  
24
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
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