Osmium vs Radium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Os
Ra
Group Number
8
10
2
16
Period Number
6
7
Block
d block
s block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
CAS Number
7440042
99+
7440144
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
229.00
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Not Available
Discovery
In 1803
In 1898
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-7 %
21
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %
25
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
28
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
0.00 %
20
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
- It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
- It is used in luminous paints.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
NA
Medical Uses
NA
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys
NA
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C
3
700.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C
6
1,737.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silvery White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
7.00
3
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa
1
Not Available
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s
11
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Os
Ra
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
33
6
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20
4
0.90
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52
12
0.97
38
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
0.92
20
Allen Electronegativity
1.65
19
0.89
99+
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80
99+
3.10
5
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol
12
509.30 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
979.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr
38
4.22 g/amp-hr
6
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV
8
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
76
40
88
30
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Rn] 7s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
76
39
88
30
Number of Neutrons
114
25
138
16
Number of Electrons
76
39
88
30
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm
99+
Not Available
Covalent Radius
Not Available
221.00 pm
3
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm
24
283.00 pm
4
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu
35
226.00 amu
26
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol
99+
45.20 cm3/mol
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)
12
20.10 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm
99+
514.80 pm
13
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58
14
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3
9
5.50 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3
1
Not Available
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa
4
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
28
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa
1
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa
1
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.25
24
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
22.57
2
5.00
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Nonmagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
NA
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m
35
100.00 nΩ·m
31
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω
18
Not Available
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol
9
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K
99+
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K
19
18.60 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol
7
Not Available
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol
6
163.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
71.00 J/mol.K
14
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