Radium vs Osmium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ra
Os
Group Number
2
16
8
10
Period Number
7
6
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkaline Earth
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440144
99+
7440042
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Radium metal is the heaviest metal of Alkaline earth metals column.
- Radium metal is highly radioactive and does not have any stable isotopes.
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
Not Available
Smithson Tennant
Discovery
In 1898
In 1803
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
3 * 10-7 %
21
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000002 %
25
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
28
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
20
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is a highly radioactive metal; and sometime Radium-223 is used to treat prostate cancer.
- It is used in luminous paints.
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
- It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical Properties
Melting Point
700.00 °C
99+
3,045.00 °C
3
Boiling Point
1,737.00 °C
99+
5,027.00 °C
6
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
7.00
3
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
3,490.00 MPa
1
Speed of Sound
Not Available
4,940.00 m/s
11
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ra
Os
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
33
6
35
4
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.90
99+
2.20
4
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.97
38
1.52
12
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.92
20
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
0.89
99+
1.65
19
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.10
5
1.80
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
509.30 kJ/mol
99+
840.00 kJ/mol
12
2nd Energy Level
979.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
1,600.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.22 g/amp-hr
6
1.77 g/amp-hr
38
Electron Work Function
Not Available
4.83 eV
8
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
88
30
76
40
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
88
30
76
39
Number of Neutrons
138
16
114
25
Number of Electrons
88
30
76
39
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
Not Available
133.80 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
221.00 pm
3
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
283.00 pm
4
216.00 pm
24
Atomic Weight
226.00 amu
26
190.23 amu
35
Atomic Volume
45.20 cm3/mol
4
8.49 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
20.10 (-eV)
99+
91.40 (-eV)
12
Lattice Constant
514.80 pm
13
273.44 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.58
14
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
5.50 g/cm3
99+
22.59 g/cm3
9
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
20.00 g/cm3
1
Tensile Strength
Not Available
1,000.00 MPa
4
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
28
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
222.00 GPa
1
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
462.00 GPa
1
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.25
24
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
Ductile
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
5.00
99+
22.57
2
Magnetic Ordering
Nonmagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
NA
Conductor
Resistivity
100.00 nΩ·m
31
81.20 nΩ·m
35
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
0.11 106/cm Ω
18
Electron Affinity
Not Available
106.10 kJ/mol
9
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
24.70 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
18.60 W/m·K
99+
87.60 W/m·K
19
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
5.10 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
627.60 kJ/mol
7
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
29.30 kJ/mol
4
Enthalpy of Atomization
163.00 kJ/mol
99+
669.00 kJ/mol
6
Standard Molar Entropy
71.00 J/mol.K
14
32.60 J/mol.K
99+
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