Home
 Compare Metals

Palladium vs Europium

Palladium
Europium
Europium vs Palladium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pd  
Eu  
Group Number
10  
8
3  
15
Period Number
5  
6  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Lanthanide  
CAS Number
7440053  
99+
7440531  
34
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
Im_ 3m  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
229.00  
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Palladium alloys are used for Jewelry contains (95% Palladium and 5% Ruthenium)
  • In the late 1800s, Palladium metal used have more economical value than the Platinum metal.
  • Palladium element is known as a good catalyst
  
Europium is used in Euro banknotes for security features.  
Sources
Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Hyde Wollaston  
Eugène-Anatole Demarçay  
Discovery
In 1803  
In 1896  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
23
0.00 %  
28
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
27
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
36
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Mostly palladium metal is used in catalytic converters. In electronic industry it is used in ceramic capacitors of mobile and computer.
  • It is used in jewellery and dental fillings and crowns.
  
  • Europium metals main uses is in the printing of euro banknotes. These notes glow red under UV light.
  • It is used in low energy light bulbs.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electronic Industry  
Chemical Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Coinage, Bullion, Jewellery  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Non Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
Yes  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,554.90 °C  
22
822.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
2,963.00 °C  
34
1,597.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Lustrous  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.75  
9
2.00  
17
Brinell Hardness
320.00 MPa  
40
167.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
121.00 MPa  
99+
167.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
3,070.00 m/s  
38
6,320.00 m/s  
4
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.72  
25
1.83  
19
Reflectivity
84.00 %  
5
65.00 %  
18
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pd  
Eu  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
38  
1
31  
8
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20  
5
1.20  
40
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20  
8
1.01  
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.35  
22
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
1.20  
39
Allen Electronegativity
1.59  
25
1.20  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80  
99+
2.50  
27
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
520.23 kJ/mol  
99+
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
7,298.22 kJ/mol  
2
1,085.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
11,815.13 kJ/mol  
3
2,404.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
13
5,471.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
8,044.00 kJ/mol  
33
5,471.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
24
5,990.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
28
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
27
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
8,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,310.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
80,400.00 kJ/mol  
16
54,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
54,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
33
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
8,045.00 kJ/mol  
22
5,470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
30
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
804.00 kJ/mol  
23
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
804.00 kJ/mol  
18
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
99+
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
14
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
547.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
12
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
11
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
17
580.70 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
804.40 kJ/mol  
16
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
804.00 kJ/mol  
12
547.10 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.99 g/amp-hr  
34
1.89 g/amp-hr  
37
Electron Work Function
5.12 eV  
7
2.50 eV  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Ionization, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
46  
99+
63  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10  
[Xe] 4f7 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Palladium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
46  
99+
63  
99+
Number of Neutrons
60  
99+
89  
39
Number of Electrons
46  
99+
63  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
137.00 pm  
99+
180.00 pm  
16
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
198.00 pm  
13
Van der Waals Radius
163.00 pm  
99+
233.00 pm  
22
Atomic Weight
106.42 amu  
99+
151.96 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
8.90 cm3/mol  
99+
28.90 cm3/mol  
11
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhodium
  
Samarium
  
Next Element
Silver
  
Gadolinium
  
Valence Electron Potential
33.00 (-eV)  
99+
45.60 (-eV)  
36
Lattice Constant
389.07 pm  
28
458.10 pm  
19
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, π/2  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.58  
35
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
12.02 g/cm3  
31
5.26 g/cm3  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.38 g/cm3  
38
5.13 g/cm3  
99+
Tensile Strength
550.00 MPa  
8
120.00 MPa  
27
Viscosity
0.00  
14
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
29
19.40 (Pa)  
4
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa  
17
7.90 GPa  
99+
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa  
9
8.30 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
121.00 GPa  
18
18.20 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.39  
5
0.15  
35
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable, Weldable  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
12.02  
33
5.24  
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
18
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
27
0.00  
15
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
105.40 nΩ·m  
29
0.90 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
27
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
54.23 kJ/mol  
21
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)  
23
0.18 J/(kg K)  
34
Molar Heat Capacity
25.98 J/mol·K  
99+
27.66 J/mol·K  
19
Thermal Conductivity
71.80 W/m·K  
23
13.90 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,825.00 K  
26
1,099.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
35.00 µm/(m·K)  
8
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
376.60 kJ/mol  
28
143.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
16.74 kJ/mol  
18
9.21 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
393.30 kJ/mol  
29
180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
37.60 J/mol.K  
99+
77.80 J/mol.K  
4
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

» More Transition Metals

Compare Transition Metals

» More Compare Transition Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!