Platinum Mercury Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt
Hg
Group Number
10
8
12
6
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440064
99+
7439976
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
R_ 3m
Space Group Number
225.00
2
166.00
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Discovery
In 1735
Before 2000 BCE
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %
19
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %
19
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
25
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
0.05 %
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
- Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
In Blood
Not Available
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
23
In Bone
Not Available
0.45 p.p.m.
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C
16
Not Available
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C
15
356.58 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Liquid
Color
Silvery White
Silver
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
3.50
11
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa
34
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa
25
Not Available
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s
29
1,451.40 m/s
99+
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
Not Available
1.00
3
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
73.00 %
8
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt
Hg
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
4
34
5
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28
3
2.00
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
2.20
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
1.44
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
1.81
9
Allen Electronegativity
1.72
16
1.44
30
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72
99+
2.00
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol
10
1,007.10 kJ/mol
4
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol
21
1,810.00 kJ/mol
20
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
3,300.00 kJ/mol
20
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr
35
3.74 g/amp-hr
10
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV
1
4.49 eV
15
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78
38
80
36
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
78
38
80
36
Number of Neutrons
117
24
121
22
Number of Electrons
78
38
80
36
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm
39
151.00 pm
32
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm
99+
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm
36
155.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu
99+
200.59 amu
32
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol
99+
14.82 cm3/mol
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)
1
28.20 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm
24
300.50 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3
11
13.53 g/cm3
24
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3
2
Not Available
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa
14
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
0.00
1
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)
18
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa
14
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa
6
Not Available
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa
14
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.38
6
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
21.45
4
13.53
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
3
Not Available
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m
30
961.00 nΩ·m
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω
21
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol
2
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
0.14 J/(kg K)
38
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K
35
27.98 J/mol·K
13
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K
24
8.30 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
1,750.00 K
6
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)
99+
60.40 µm/(m·K)
5
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol
11
56.90 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol
12
2.29 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol
11
61.50 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K
36
75.80 J/mol.K
6
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