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Platinum vs Mercury

Platinum
Mercury
Mercury vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt   
Hg   
Group Number
10   
8
12   
6
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440064   
99+
7439976   
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m   
R_ 3m   
Space Group Number
225.00   
2
166.00   
6
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals   
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa   
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Discovery
In 1735   
Before 2000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
5 * 10-7 %   
19
Not Available   
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000009 %   
19
~-9999 %   
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
25
Not Available   
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.05 %   
9
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Dentistry   
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
In Bone
Not Available   
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C   
16
Not Available   
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C   
15
356.58 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Liquid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50   
11
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa   
34
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa   
25
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s   
29
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
3
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
73.00 %   
8
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pt   
Hg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
34   
5
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28   
3
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.44   
17
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.81   
9
Allen Electronegativity
1.72   
16
1.44   
30
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72   
99+
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol   
10
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol   
21
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr   
35
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV   
1
4.49 eV   
15
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization   
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
78   
38
80   
36
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78   
38
80   
36
Number of Neutrons
117   
24
121   
22
Number of Electrons
78   
38
80   
36
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm   
39
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm   
99+
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm   
36
155.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
200.59 amu   
32
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol   
99+
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Gold
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Thallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)   
1
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm   
24
300.50 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3   
11
13.53 g/cm3   
24
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3   
2
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa   
14
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
0.00   
1
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)   
18
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa   
14
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa   
6
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa   
14
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.38   
6
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45   
4
13.53   
16
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Permeability
0.00 H/m   
3
Not Available   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m   
30
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
21
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol   
2
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K   
35
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K   
24
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
1,750.00 K   
6
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol   
11
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol   
12
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol   
11
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
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