Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
Interesting Facts
- Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
- Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
- Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
- Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa
Karl Ernst Claus
Discovery
In 1735
In 1844
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
-
Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
- It is used for producing chip resistors and contact.
- Ruthenium oxide is used to coat the anodes cells for chlorine production in chemical industry. It also works as catalysts for ammonia and acetic acid reaction.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Medical Research
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Low Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
Reflectivity
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Pauling Electropositivity
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
[Kr] 4d7 5s1
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100
rystal-Structure-of-Ruthenium.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Permeability
Not Available
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available