Home
 Compare Metals

Platinum vs Ruthenium

Platinum
Ruthenium
Ruthenium vs Platinum


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pt  
Ru  
Group Number
10  
8
8  
10
Period Number
6  
5  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Transition Metal  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440064  
99+
7440188  
99+
Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Platinum is the rarest metal from the Precious metal categories..
  • Commercially Platinum is produced as a byproduct in ores of nickel.
  
  • Ruthenium element has been extracted from used nuclear fuel.
  • Ruthenium metal also produces as a by-product of the Nickel mining.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals  
By-product of Nickel Refining, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Antonio de Ulloa  
Karl Ernst Claus  
Discovery
In 1735  
In 1844  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
20
0.00 %  
21
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
19
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
25
0.00 %  
26
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
0.00 %  
38
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Platinum metal is mainly used in jewellery.
  • Platinum is used as an industrial catalyst in production of nitric acid, silicone and benzene.
  
  • It is used for producing chip resistors and contact.
  • Ruthenium oxide is used to coat the anodes cells for chlorine production in chemical industry. It also works as catalysts for ammonia and acetic acid reaction.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Chemical Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
Medical Research  
Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
Low Toxic  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,772.00 °C  
16
2,250.00 °C  
8
Boiling Point
3,827.00 °C  
15
3,900.00 °C  
14
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery White  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.50  
12
6.50  
5
Brinell Hardness
300.00 MPa  
99+
2,160.00 MPa  
3
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa  
99+
1,160.00 MPa  
14
Speed of Sound
2,800.00 m/s  
99+
5,970.00 m/s  
7
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
2.41  
6
2.60  
4
Reflectivity
73.00 %  
10
6.00 %  
38
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pt  
Ru  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35  
4
26  
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.28  
4
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.28  
5
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44  
18
1.42  
19
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.20  
6
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
1.72  
19
1.54  
28
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.72  
99+
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
710.20 kJ/mol  
32
2nd Energy Level
1,791.00 kJ/mol  
22
710.22 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,277.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,747.00 kJ/mol  
38
4th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
6
7,107.00 kJ/mol  
12
5th Energy Level
8,702.00 kJ/mol  
9
7,107.00 kJ/mol  
27
6th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
27
7,107.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
37
8th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
23
4,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,660.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
24
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
11th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
21
7,197.00 kJ/mol  
32
12th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,190.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
29
14th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
710.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
71,000.00 kJ/mol  
25
16th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
71,000.00 kJ/mol  
21
17th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
27
710.20 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
31
19th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
25
710.20 kJ/mol  
38
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
15
710.00 kJ/mol  
32
21st Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
38
710.20 kJ/mol  
99+
22nd Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
13
710.00 kJ/mol  
26
23rd Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
39
710.20 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
9
710.20 kJ/mol  
25
25th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
710.00 kJ/mol  
26
26th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
710.20 kJ/mol  
25
27th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
6
710.20 kJ/mol  
25
28th Energy Level
870.10 kJ/mol  
9
710.20 kJ/mol  
30
29th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
10
710.20 kJ/mol  
31
30th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol  
7
710.00 kJ/mol  
25
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.82 g/amp-hr  
39
1.26 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
5.65 eV  
4
4.71 eV  
14
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Anti Corrosion, Ionization  
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
78  
38
44  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1  
[Kr] 4d7 5s1  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Platinum.jpg#100  
rystal-Structure-of-Ruthenium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
78  
38
44  
99+
Number of Neutrons
117  
25
57  
99+
Number of Electrons
78  
38
44  
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
139.00 pm  
99+
134.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
136.00 pm  
99+
146.00 pm  
40
Van der Waals Radius
175.00 pm  
99+
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu  
99+
101.07 amu  
99+
Atomic Volume
9.09 cm3/mol  
99+
8.30 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Iridium
  
Technetium
  
Next Element
Gold
  
Rhodium
  
Valence Electron Potential
392.42 (-eV)  
1
64.00 (-eV)  
22
Lattice Constant
392.42 pm  
27
270.59 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.56  
99+
1.58  
33
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
21.45 g/cm3  
11
12.45 g/cm3  
29
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
19.77 g/cm3  
12
10.65 g/cm3  
37
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
50.00 MPa  
38
Viscosity
0.00  
16
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
16
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.07 (Pa)  
18
0.00 (Pa)  
23
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
61.00 GPa  
14
173.00 GPa  
4
Bulk Modulus
230.00 GPa  
6
220.00 GPa  
7
Young's Modulus
168.00 GPa  
15
447.00 GPa  
3
Poisson Ratio
0.38  
6
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable  
Ductile, Malleable  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
21.45  
13
12.45  
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
14
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
20
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
105.00 nΩ·m  
30
71.00 nΩ·m  
38
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω  
26
0.14 106/cm Ω  
18
Electron Affinity
205.30 kJ/mol  
2
101.30 kJ/mol  
11
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
0.24 J/(kg K)  
24
Molar Heat Capacity
25.86 J/mol·K  
99+
24.06 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
71.60 W/m·K  
24
117.00 W/m·K  
13
Critical Temperature
2,041.00 K  
19
2,607.00 K  
9
Thermal Expansion
8.80 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.40 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
510.50 kJ/mol  
15
567.80 kJ/mol  
13
Enthalpy of Fusion
19.70 kJ/mol  
12
25.50 kJ/mol  
7
Enthalpy of Atomization
565.00 kJ/mol  
15
603.00 kJ/mol  
10
Standard Molar Entropy
41.60 J/mol.K  
99+
28.50 J/mol.K  
99+
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Transition Metals

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

» More Transition Metals

Compare Transition Metals

» More Compare Transition Metals
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!