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Properties of Berkelium and Niobium

Berkelium
Niobium
Properties of Niobium & Berkelium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
986.00 °C   
99+
2,468.00 °C   
6
Boiling Point
2,627.00 °C   
40
2,468.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
735.00 MPa   
14
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
870.00 MPa   
12
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
3,480.00 m/s   
21
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Bk   
Nb   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
14   
25
17   
22
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.60   
23
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.42   
16
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.23   
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
2.70   
1
1.41   
31
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.40   
31
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol   
99+
652.10 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,416.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr   
16
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.30 eV   
18
Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
14.78 g/cm3   
22
8.57 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.25 g/cm3   
11
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
330.00 MPa   
12
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
38.00 GPa   
19
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
105.00 GPa   
20
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Bk   
Nb   
Group Number
Not Available   
5   
13
Period Number
7   
5   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide   
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
97   
21
41   
99+
Atomic Weight
247.00 amu   
18
92.91 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
10.87 cm3/mol   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2   
[Kr] 4d4 5s1   
Valence Electron Potential
45.50 (-eV)   
36
104.00 (-eV)   
8
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
97   
21
41   
99+
Number of Neutrons
150   
11
52   
99+
Number of Electrons
97   
21
41   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm   
22
146.00 pm   
35
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
164.00 pm   
28
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
200.00 pm   
28
Lattice Constant
341.60 pm   
99+
330.04 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Californium
  
Molybdenum
  
Previous Element
Curium
  
Zirconium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
Not Available   
152.00 nΩ·m   
23
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.07 106/cm Ω   
28
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
86.10 kJ/mol   
12
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
14.00   
14
8.57   
37
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.26 J/(kg K)   
20
Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
53.70 W/m·K   
29
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
24.60 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
7.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
36.40 J/mol.K   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
696.60 kJ/mol   
4
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
27.20 kJ/mol   
6
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
745.00 kJ/mol   
4
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