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Properties of Magnesium and Beryllium

Magnesium
Beryllium
Properties of Beryllium & Magnesium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
650.00 °C   
99+
1,278.00 °C   
36
Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C   
99+
2,970.00 °C   
32
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
5.50   
7
Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa   
36
590.00 MPa   
21
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,670.00 MPa   
4
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
74.00 %   
7
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s   
11
12,890.00 m/s   
2
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Mg   
Be   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
15   
24
9   
29
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.31   
31
1.57   
24
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.32   
18
1.81   
12
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23   
25
1.47   
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.37   
16
1.54   
12
Allen Electronegativity
1.29   
35
1.58   
23
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.69   
23
2.43   
30
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol   
24
899.50 kJ/mol   
7
2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol   
99+
1,757.10 kJ/mol   
23
3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol   
5
14,848.70 kJ/mol   
2
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.17 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
3.66 eV   
29
4.98 eV   
6
Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Flammable metals have ability to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion.Highly Inflammable, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm3   
99+
1.85 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm3   
99+
1.69 g/cm3   
99+
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
19
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
17.00 GPa   
37
132.00 GPa   
7
Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa   
25
130.00 GPa   
13
Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa   
39
287.00 GPa   
7
Poisson Ratio
0.29   
15
0.03   
35
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Mg   
Be   
Group Number
2   
16
2   
16
Period Number
3   
2   
Block
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block   
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block   
Element Family
?
All alkaline earth metals are placed under group number 2 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are somewhat reactive at standard conditions. Alkaline earth metals appear shiny, silvery-white and are found in the earth’s crust.Alkaline Earth   
?
All alkaline earth metals are placed under group number 2 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are somewhat reactive at standard conditions. Alkaline earth metals appear shiny, silvery-white and are found in the earth’s crust.Alkaline Earth   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
12   
99+
4   
99+
Atomic Weight
24.31 amu   
99+
9.01 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol   
37
5.00 cm3/mol   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2   
[He] 2s2   
Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)   
99+
82.00 (-eV)   
15
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
12   
99+
4   
99+
Number of Neutrons
12   
99+
5   
99+
Number of Electrons
12   
99+
4   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Beryllium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm   
27
112.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
141.00 pm   
99+
96.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm   
37
153.00 pm   
99+
Lattice Constant
320.94 pm   
99+
228.58 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.57   
18
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Aluminium
  
Sodium
  
Previous Element
Sodium
  
Lithium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m   
99+
36.00 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω   
7
0.31 106/cm Ω   
5
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Semiconductor metals have conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator.Semiconductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
1.74   
99+
1.85   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)   
4
1.82 J/(kg K)   
2
Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K   
8
200.00 W/m·K   
6
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K   
99+
16.44 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)   
15
11.30 µm/(m·K)   
34
Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K   
99+
9.50 J/mol.K   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol   
99+
294.70 kJ/mol   
30
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol   
39
11.72 kJ/mol   
30
Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol   
99+
326.40 kJ/mol   
30
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