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Properties of Promethium and Neodymium

Promethium
Neodymium
Properties of Neodymium & Promethium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,042.00 °C   
99+
1,010.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,000.00 °C   
31
3,127.00 °C   
28
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
265.00 MPa   
35
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
345.00 MPa   
27
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,330.00 m/s   
38
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pm   
Nd   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
30   
9
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.14   
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.07   
32
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
2.86   
13
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+
533.10 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,040.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,130.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36
1.79 g/amp-hr   
37
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
3.20 eV   
34
Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Flammable metals have ability to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion.Flammable, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.26 g/cm3   
99+
7.01 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
6.89 g/cm3   
36
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
21
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
101.00 (Pa)   
2
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
16.30 GPa   
38
Bulk Modulus
33.00 GPa   
36
31.80 GPa   
37
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa   
38
41.40 GPa   
40
Poisson Ratio
0.28   
17
0.28   
16
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pm   
Nd   
Group Number
Not Available   
1   
17
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide   
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
61   
99+
60   
99+
Atomic Weight
145.00 amu   
99+
144.24 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
22.39 cm3/mol   
12
20.60 cm3/mol   
18
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   
[Xe] 4f4 6s2   
Valence Electron Potential
44.10 (-eV)   
39
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
61   
99+
60   
99+
Number of Neutrons
84   
40
84   
40
Number of Electrons
61   
99+
60   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
183.00 pm   
10
181.00 pm   
13
Covalent Radius
199.00 pm   
12
201.00 pm   
10
Van der Waals Radius
236.00 pm   
16
229.00 pm   
20
Lattice Constant
Not Available   
365.80 pm   
30
Lattice Angles
Unknown   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Samarium
  
Promethium
  
Previous Element
Neodymium
  
Praseodymium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+
643.00 nΩ·m   
6
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
NA   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.26   
99+
7.00   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
0.19 J/(kg K)   
32
Thermal Conductivity
17.90 W/m·K   
99+
16.50 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
27.45 J/mol·K   
17
Thermal Expansion
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+
9.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
71.50 J/mol.K   
13
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
273.00 kJ/mol   
34
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+
7.14 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
310.00 kJ/mol   
34
322.00 kJ/mol   
32
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