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Silver
Silver

Terbium
Terbium



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Silver vs Terbium

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1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
Ag
Tb
1.2 Group Number
11NA
Gadolinium
0 17
1.3 Period Number
56
Lithium
2 7
1.4 Block
d block
f block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Lanthanide
1.6 CAS Number
74402247440279
Aluminium
7429905 54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
Fm_ 3m
P63/mmc
1.8 Space Group Number
225.00194.00
Plutonium
11 229
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
  • It is the most reflective element.
  • Silver is the second most ductile metal after Gold.
  • It is also used in Dentistry as a dental alloys for clips and crowning.
  • At times Terbium metal acts same as Calcium.
  • Terbium metal closely similar to Lanthanum metal.
2.2 Sources
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Found with Other Rare Earth Metals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Unknown
Carl Gustaf Mosander
2.3.2 Discovery
Before 5000 BC
In 1842
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
6 * 10-8 %5 * 10-8 %
Thallium
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.0000001 %~0.00000001 %
Beryllium
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
Gold
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %0.00 %
Protactinium
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
NANA
Radium
1E-13 1.4
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
  • Silver is mainly used for Jewelry and show piece.
  • It is used for manufacturing high quality mirrors due to its reflectivity property.
  • Terbium salts are used in optical devices like laser devices.
  • Terbium’s alloy lengthens and shortens the magnetic field and this effect forms loudspeaker.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
Chemical Industry, Clothing Industry, Electrical Industry
Electronic Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry
NA
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Bullion, Coinage, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
Non Toxic
Low Toxic
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
Plutonium
0 1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.44 p.p.m.NA
Plutonium
0 170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
961.93 °C1,356.00 °C
Francium
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
2,212.00 °C3,123.00 °C
Flerovium
147 5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
4.3.3 Luster
Metallic
Metallic
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
2.50NA
Cesium
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
251.00 MPa677.00 MPa
Cesium
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
229.00 MPa863.00 MPa
Palladium
121 3430
4.5 Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s2,620.00 m/s
Thallium
818 16200
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
NANA
Mercury
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 Reflectivity
97.00 %NA
Molybdenum
58 97
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
Ag
Tb
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
3626
Tennessine
0 38
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
1.93NA
Francium
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
1.83NA
Cesium
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.421.10
Cesium
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.47NA
Cesium
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
1.87NA
Cesium
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.07NA
Gold
1.46 3.3
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
731.00 kJ/mol603.40 kJ/mol
Cesium
375.7 26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
2,070.00 kJ/mol1,174.80 kJ/mol
Ruthenium
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
3,361.00 kJ/mol2,417.00 kJ/mol
Osmium
1600 34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
NA4,203.00 kJ/mol
Thorium
2780 37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NANA
Dubnium
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
NANA
Seaborgium
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 7th Energy level
NANA
Bohrium
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
NANA
Hassium
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
14110 134700
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
NANA
Strontium
17100 144300
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
NANA
Yttrium
19900 169988
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
22219 189368
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
26930 76015
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
29196 86450
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
NANA
Manganese
41987 97510
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
NANA
Iron
47206 109480
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
NANA
Cobalt
52737 122200
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
NANA
Nickel
58570 134810
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
NANA
Copper
64702 148700
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
80400 171200
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
87000 179100
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
93400 184900
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
98420 198800
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
104400 195200
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
121900 121900
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
127700 127700
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
133800 133800
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
139800 139800
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
148100 148100
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
NANA
Molybdenum
154500 154500
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
4.02 g/amp-hr1.98 g/amp-hr
Beryllium
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
4.26 eV3.00 eV
Cesium
2.14 5.65
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
4765
Lithium
3 117
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
4765
Lithium
3 117
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
6194
Lithium
4 184
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
4765
Lithium
3 117
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
144.00 pm177.00 pm
Beryllium
112 265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
145.00 pm194.00 pm
Beryllium
96 260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
172.00 pm221.00 pm
Zinc
139 348
6.6 Atomic Weight
107.87 amu158.93 amu
Lithium
6.94 294
6.7 Atomic Volume
10.30 cm3/mol19.20 cm3/mol
Manganese
1.39 71.07
6.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
6.8.1 Previous Element
6.8.2 Next Element
6.9 Valence Electron Potential
11.40 (-eV)46.80 (-eV)
Francium
8 392.42
6.10 Lattice Constant
408.53 pm360.10 pm
Beryllium
228.58 891.25
6.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
6.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
NA1.58
Beryllium
1.567 1.886
7 Mechanical
7.1 Density
7.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
10.49 g/cm38.23 g/cm3
Lithium
0.534 40.7
7.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.32 g/cm37.65 g/cm3
Lithium
0.512 20
7.2 Tensile Strength
NA60.00 MPa
Indium
2.5 11000
7.3 Viscosity
NANA
Mercury
0.001526 0.001526
7.4 Vapor Pressure
7.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
Cerium
2.47E-11 121
7.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
NA12.50 (Pa)
Tungsten
2.62E-10 774
7.5 Elasticity properties
7.5.1 Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa22.10 GPa
Potassium
1.3 222
7.5.2 Bulk Modulus
100.00 GPa38.70 GPa
Cesium
1.6 462
7.5.3 Young's Modulus
83.00 GPa55.70 GPa
Cesium
1.7 528
7.6 Poisson Ratio
0.370.26
Beryllium
0.032 0.47
7.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Ductile, Malleable
8 Magnetic
8.1 Magnetic Characteristics
8.1.1 Specific Gravity
10.508.23
Lithium
0.53 4500
8.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
8.1.3 Permeability
NANA
Bismuth
1.25643E-06 0.0063
8.1.4 Susceptibility
0.00NA
Bismuth
-0.000166 200000
8.2 Electrical Properties
8.2.1 Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
8.2.2 Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m1.15 nΩ·m
Thallium
0.18 961
8.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.63 106/cm Ω0.01 106/cm Ω
Plutonium
0.00666 0.63
8.2.4 Electron Affinity
125.60 kJ/mol50.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
0 222.8
9 Thermal
9.1 Specific Heat
0.24 J/(kg K)0.18 J/(kg K)
Americium
0.11 3.6
9.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.35 J/mol·K28.91 J/mol·K
Beryllium
16.443 62.7
9.3 Thermal Conductivity
429.00 W/m·K11.10 W/m·K
Neptunium
6.3 429
9.4 Critical Temperature
NANA
Ytterbium
26.3 3223
9.5 Thermal Expansion
18.90 µm/(m·K)10.30 µm/(m·K)
Tungsten
4.5 97
9.6 Enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
255.10 kJ/mol330.90 kJ/mol
Zinc
7.32 799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
11.30 kJ/mol10.80 kJ/mol
Cesium
2.1 35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
284.50 kJ/mol314.00 kJ/mol
Mercury
61.5 837
9.7 Standard Molar Entropy
42.60 J/mol.K73.20 J/mol.K
Beryllium
9.5 198.1