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Sodium Osmium Comparison

Sodium
Osmium
Osmium Sodium comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
-  
Os  
Group Number
1  
17
8  
10
Period Number
3  
6  
Block
s block  
d block  
Element Family
Alkali  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7440235  
99+
7440042  
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m  
P63/mmc  
Space Group Number
229.00  
2
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
  • The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
  
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining  
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy  
Smithson Tennant  
Discovery
In 1807  
In 1803  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
7
0.00 %  
22
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
6
0.00 %  
25
Abundance In Meteorites
0.55 %  
6
0.00 %  
28
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.30 %  
5
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
1.10 %  
1
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Humans
0.14 %  
4
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
  • Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
  
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys  
Alloys  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
Highly Toxic  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
1
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
37
In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.  
2
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
97.72 °C  
99+
3,045.00 °C  
3
Boiling Point
883.00 °C  
99+
5,027.00 °C  
6
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silvery White  
Silvery Bluish-Gray  
Luster
Metallic  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.50  
24
7.00  
3
Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa  
99+
3,490.00 MPa  
1
Vickers Hardness
0.69 MPa  
99+
3,920.00 MPa  
1
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s  
35
4,940.00 m/s  
15
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.33  
99+
2.07  
12
Reflectivity
53.00 %  
28
80.00 %  
7
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
-  
Os  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
17  
22
35  
4
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.93  
99+
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.56  
99+
2.20  
8
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.01  
36
1.52  
13
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.91  
99+
2.20  
6
Allen Electronegativity
0.87  
99+
1.65  
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.07  
6
1.80  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
12
2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol  
4
1,309.80 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol  
6
1,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol  
5
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol  
4
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
10
6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol  
4
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
30
7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol  
4
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol  
4
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
25
9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol  
4
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol  
2
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
26
11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol  
2
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
23
12th Energy Level
4,950.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
4,950.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
14th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
49,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
84,000.00 kJ/mol  
12
16th Energy Level
49,500.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
29
18th Energy Level
4,960.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,400.00 kJ/mol  
18
19th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
27
20th Energy Level
496.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
19
21st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
39
22nd Energy Level
495.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
15
23rd Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
99+
24th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
11
25th Energy Level
496.00 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
26th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
27th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
713.30 kJ/mol  
24
28th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.10 kJ/mol  
13
29th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
13
30th Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol  
99+
840.00 kJ/mol  
9
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr  
99+
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
Electron Work Function
2.75 eV  
99+
4.83 eV  
13
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility  
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility  
Atomic
Atomic Number
11  
99+
76  
40
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s1  
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2  
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
11  
99+
76  
39
Number of Neutrons
12  
99+
114  
26
Number of Electrons
11  
99+
76  
39
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm  
11
133.80 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
166.00 pm  
29
128.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm  
26
216.00 pm  
30
Atomic Weight
22.99 amu  
99+
190.23 amu  
35
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol  
14
8.49 cm3/mol  
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Beryllium
  
Rhenium
  
Next Element
Magnesium
  
Iridium
  
Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)  
99+
91.40 (-eV)  
12
Lattice Constant
429.06 pm  
22
273.44 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.01  
99+
1.58  
37
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3  
99+
22.59 g/cm3  
9
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3  
99+
20.00 g/cm3  
11
Tensile Strength
10.00 MPa  
99+
1,000.00 MPa  
4
Viscosity
0.00  
5
0.00  
3
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
16
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
0.00 (Pa)  
39
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa  
99+
222.00 GPa  
1
Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa  
99+
462.00 GPa  
1
Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa  
99+
528.00 GPa  
1
Poisson Ratio
0.37  
7
0.25  
24
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
Ductile  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.97  
99+
22.57  
11
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
Paramagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
6
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
17
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
Conductor  
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m  
99+
81.20 nΩ·m  
35
Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω  
9
0.11 106/cm Ω  
21
Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol  
24
106.10 kJ/mol  
10
Thermal
Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)  
3
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K  
13
24.70 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K  
11
87.60 W/m·K  
19
Critical Temperature
2,573.00 K  
10
3,300.00 K  
3
Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)  
4
5.10 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol  
99+
627.60 kJ/mol  
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol  
99+
29.30 kJ/mol  
4
Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol  
99+
669.00 kJ/mol  
6
Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K  
39
32.60 J/mol.K  
99+
Summary >>
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