Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
R_ 3m
Interesting Facts
- Vanadium is a highly reactive metal, hence it is not found free in nature.
- Vanadium can be found in almost 65 different types of minerals.
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Mining, Ores of Minerals
Who Discovered
Andrés Manuel del Río
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Discovery
In 1801
Before 2000 BCE
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Abundance In Humans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Its ally with steel is used very tough and hence it is used in armor plates, axles, piston rods, tools and crankshafts.
-
Its oxide is used as pigments for glass and ceramics.
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Dentistry
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
Melting Point
Not Available
Physical State
Solid
Liquid
Color
Blue-Silver Grey
Silver
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
Refractive Index
Not Available
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
5th Energy Level
Not Available
6th Energy Level
Not Available
7th Energy level
Not Available
8th Energy Level
Not Available
9th Energy Level
Not Available
10th Energy Level
Not Available
11th Energy Level
Not Available
12th Energy Level
Not Available
13th Energy Level
Not Available
14th Energy Level
Not Available
15th Energy Level
Not Available
16th Energy Level
Not Available
17th Energy Level
Not Available
18th Energy Level
Not Available
19th Energy Level
Not Available
20th Energy Level
Not Available
21st Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
NA
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Property
Superconductor
Conductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available