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Mercury Aluminium Comparison

Mercury
Aluminium
Aluminium Mercury comparison


Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg   
Al   
Group Number
12   
6
13   
5
Period Number
6   
3   
Block
d block   
p block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   
CAS Number
7439976   
99+
7429905   
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m   
Fm_ 3m   
Space Group Number
166.00   
6
225.00   
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
  • A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
  • Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
  
  • Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.
  • Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.
  • It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals   
By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians   
Hans Christian Oersted   
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE   
In 1825   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
5 * 10-3 %   
5
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.006 %   
5
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.91 %   
5
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %   
9
8.10 %   
1
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
6
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
10
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
  • It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
  
  • Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Dentistry   
Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry   
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Non Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
23
0.39 Blood/mg dm-3   
9
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.   
19
27.00 p.p.m.   
11
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available   
660.37 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
356.58 °C   
99+
2,467.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Liquid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.75   
13
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
160.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
160.00 MPa   
35
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s   
99+
5,000.00 m/s   
10
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.00   
3
Not Available   
Reflectivity
73.00 %   
8
71.00 %   
10
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg   
Al   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
11   
27
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00   
7
1.61   
22
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
1.71   
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44   
17
1.47   
14
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81   
9
1.83   
8
Allen Electronegativity
1.44   
30
1.61   
20
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00   
99+
2.39   
32
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol   
4
577.50 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol   
20
1,816.70 kJ/mol   
19
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol   
20
2,744.80 kJ/mol   
38
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
11,577.00 kJ/mol   
3
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
14,842.00 kJ/mol   
2
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,379.00 kJ/mol   
2
7th Energy level
Not Available   
23,326.00 kJ/mol   
2
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
27,465.00 kJ/mol   
2
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
31,853.00 kJ/mol   
2
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
38,473.00 kJ/mol   
4
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
42,647.00 kJ/mol   
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr   
10
0.34 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV   
15
4.28 eV   
19
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80   
36
13   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2   
[Ne] 3s2 3p1   
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)   
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
80   
36
13   
99+
Number of Neutrons
121   
22
14   
99+
Number of Electrons
80   
36
13   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
143.00 pm   
37
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
121.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm   
99+
184.00 pm   
34
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu   
32
26.98 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol   
35
10.00 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Gold
  
Magnesium
  
Next Element
Thallium
  
Potassium
  
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)   
99+
80.70 (-eV)   
17
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm   
99+
404.95 pm   
22
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3   
24
2.70 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
2.38 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
40.00 MPa   
19
Viscosity
0.00   
1
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
18
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
26.00 GPa   
29
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
76.00 GPa   
18
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
70.00 GPa   
28
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.35   
9
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
13.53   
16
2.72   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
4
Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
3
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m   
1
28.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.38 106/cm Ω   
4
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
42.50 kJ/mol   
26
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)   
38
0.90 J/(kg K)   
5
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K   
13
24.20 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K   
99+
237.00 W/m·K   
4
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K   
6
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)   
5
23.10 µm/(m·K)   
17
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol   
99+
293.70 kJ/mol   
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol   
99+
10.67 kJ/mol   
35
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol   
99+
322.20 kJ/mol   
31
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K   
6
28.30 J/mol.K   
99+
Summary >>
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