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Osmium vs Manganese

Osmium
Manganese
Manganese vs Osmium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Os   
Mn   
Group Number
8   
10
7   
11
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
d block   
d block   
Element Family
Transition Metal   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440042   
99+
7439965   
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
I_ 43m   
Space Group Number
194.00   
5
217.00   
4
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
  • But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
  
  • Manganese is an essential trace element in all forms of life.
  • Manganese metal oxidizes very easily, but it does not fuse that easily.
  
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant   
Johann Gottlieb Gahn   
Discovery
In 1803   
In 1774   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-7 %   
21
8 * 10-4 %   
8
Abundance In Sun
~0.0000002 %   
25
~0.001 %   
8
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
28
0.27 %   
8
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
0.11 %   
8
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
13
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
13
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
  • It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
  
  • This metal is very brittle hence it mostly not used as a pure metal, but its alloys are very useful
  • Its alloy Manganese steel is extremely strong and used in railway tracks, safes, prison bars and riffle barrels.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
Not Available   
0.08 Blood/mg dm-3   
14
In Bone
Not Available   
100.00 p.p.m.   
8
Physical Properties
Melting Point
3,045.00 °C   
3
1,245.00 °C   
37
Boiling Point
5,027.00 °C   
6
1,962.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray   
Silver   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
7.00   
3
6.00   
6
Brinell Hardness
3,490.00 MPa   
1
196.00 MPa   
99+
Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s   
11
5,150.00 m/s   
7
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Os   
Mn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
21   
18
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.20   
4
1.55   
25
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.52   
12
1.60   
9
Allen Electronegativity
1.65   
19
1.75   
15
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.80   
99+
2.45   
29
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
840.00 kJ/mol   
12
717.30 kJ/mol   
30
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,509.00 kJ/mol   
39
3rd Energy Level
1,600.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,248.00 kJ/mol   
21
4th Energy Level
Not Available   
4,940.00 kJ/mol   
20
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,990.00 kJ/mol   
17
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,220.00 kJ/mol   
16
7th Energy level
Not Available   
11,500.00 kJ/mol   
16
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
18,770.00 kJ/mol   
5
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
21,400.00 kJ/mol   
6
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
23,960.00 kJ/mol   
9
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
27,590.00 kJ/mol   
10
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
30,330.00 kJ/mol   
10
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
33,150.00 kJ/mol   
11
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
38,880.00 kJ/mol   
10
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
41,987.00 kJ/mol   
13
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
109,480.00 kJ/mol   
1
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
118,100.00 kJ/mol   
2
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
127,100.00 kJ/mol   
3
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
138,600.00 kJ/mol   
4
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,500.00 kJ/mol   
6
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
158,600.00 kJ/mol   
6
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
172,500.00 kJ/mol   
5
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
181,380.00 kJ/mol   
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr   
38
0.29 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.83 eV   
8
4.10 eV   
25
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
76   
40
25   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2   
[Ar] 3d5 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
76   
39
25   
99+
Number of Neutrons
114   
25
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
76   
39
25   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
133.80 pm   
99+
127.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
Not Available   
139.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
216.00 pm   
24
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
190.23 amu   
35
54.94 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
8.49 cm3/mol   
99+
1.39 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Rhenium
  
Chromium
  
Next Element
Iridium
  
Iron
  
Valence Electron Potential
91.40 (-eV)   
12
220.00 (-eV)   
2
Lattice Constant
273.44 pm   
99+
891.25 pm   
1
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58   
14
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
22.59 g/cm3   
9
7.21 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.00 g/cm3   
1
5.95 g/cm3   
99+
Tensile Strength
1,000.00 MPa   
4
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
12
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
222.00 GPa   
1
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
462.00 GPa   
1
120.00 GPa   
14
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
198.00 GPa   
12
Poisson Ratio
0.25   
24
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
22.57   
2
7.21   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
81.20 nΩ·m   
35
1.44 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.11 106/cm Ω   
18
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
106.10 kJ/mol   
9
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.48 J/(kg K)   
11
Molar Heat Capacity
24.70 J/mol·K   
99+
26.32 J/mol·K   
29
Thermal Conductivity
87.60 W/m·K   
19
7.81 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
5.10 µm/(m·K)   
99+
21.70 µm/(m·K)   
21
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
627.60 kJ/mol   
7
219.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
29.30 kJ/mol   
4
14.64 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Atomization
669.00 kJ/mol   
6
280.30 kJ/mol   
38
Standard Molar Entropy
32.60 J/mol.K   
99+
32.00 J/mol.K   
99+
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