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Properties of Berkelium and Thallium


Properties of Thallium & Berkelium


Physical Properties

Melting Point
986.00 °C   
99+
303.50 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
2,627.00 °C   
40
1,457.00 °C   
99+

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
1.20   
20

Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
26.50 MPa   
99+

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   

Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
Not Available   
818.00 m/s   
99+

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Bk   
Tl   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
14   
25
32   
7

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.30   
32
1.62   
21

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.25   
5

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.20   
27
1.44   
17

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.96   
6

Allen Electronegativity
2.70   
1
1.79   
13

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.70   
22
2.38   
33

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
601.00 kJ/mol   
99+
589.40 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,971.00 kJ/mol   
14

3rd Energy Level
2,152.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,878.00 kJ/mol   
32

Electrochemical Equivalent
3.07 g/amp-hr   
16
7.63 g/amp-hr   
2

Electron Work Function
Not Available   
3.84 eV   
28

Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity
  
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
14.78 g/cm3   
22
11.85 g/cm3   
31

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.25 g/cm3   
11
11.22 g/cm3   
13

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
16.90 (Pa)   
5

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
Not Available   
2.80 GPa   
99+

Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
43.00 GPa   
28

Young's Modulus
Not Available   
8.00 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.45   
2

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Sectility is the ability to be cut into pieces. Metals and paper are sectile.Sectile
  

Periodic Table

Symbol
Bk   
Tl   

Group Number
Not Available   
13   
5

Period Number
7   
6   

Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block
  
?
The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table and includes elements from the six columns beginning with column 13 and ending with column 18. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block.p block
  

Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in actinide series, from Actinium to Lawrencium. Actinide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Actinide
  
?
All post transition metals are placed in group number 13, 14 and 15 of periodic table. In fact, they are located between Transition Metals and Metalloids. Post transition metals have very poor mechanical properties.Post-​Transition
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
97   
21
81   
35

Atomic Weight
247.00 amu   
18
204.38 amu   
31

Atomic Volume
Not Available   
17.20 cm3/mol   
31

Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f9 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1   

Valence Electron Potential
45.50 (-eV)   
36
9.60 (-eV)   
99+

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
97   
21
81   
35

Number of Neutrons
150   
11
123   
20

Number of Electrons
97   
21
81   
35

Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)
  
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  

Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Berkelium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
170.00 pm   
22
170.00 pm   
22

Covalent Radius
Not Available   
145.00 pm   
39

Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
196.00 pm   
30

Lattice Constant
341.60 pm   
99+
345.66 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.60   
6

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Lead
  

Previous Element
Curium
  
Mercury
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
Not Available   
0.18 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.06 106/cm Ω   
32

Electron Affinity
Not Available   
19.20 kJ/mol   
32

Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
14.00   
14
11.85   
22

Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39

Thermal Conductivity
10.00 W/m·K   
99+
46.10 W/m·K   
33

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
26.32 J/mol·K   
29

Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
29.90 µm/(m·K)   
12

Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
64.20 J/mol.K   
19

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
162.10 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
4.27 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
179.90 kJ/mol   
99+

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