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Properties of Cadmium and Livermorium

Cadmium
Livermorium
Properties of Livermorium & Cadmium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
320.90 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Boiling Point
765.00 °C   
99+
Not Available   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.00   
16
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
203.00 MPa   
39
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
67.00 %   
11
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,310.00 m/s   
39
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Cd   
Lv   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
34   
5
5   
32
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.69   
17
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.98   
9
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.46   
15
Not Available   
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.53   
13
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.52   
27
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.31   
37
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
867.80 kJ/mol   
11
723.60 kJ/mol   
28
2nd Energy Level
1,631.40 kJ/mol   
32
1,331.50 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
3,616.00 kJ/mol   
13
2,846.30 kJ/mol   
34
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.10 g/amp-hr   
27
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
4.22 eV   
22
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
8.65 g/cm3   
99+
Not Available   
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
8.00 g/cm3   
28
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
62.00 MPa   
16
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
19.00 GPa   
35
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
42.00 GPa   
29
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa   
36
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.30   
14
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
Unknown   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Cd   
Lv   
Group Number
12   
6
16   
2
Period Number
5   
7   
Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
?
The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table and includes elements from the six columns beginning with column 13 and ending with column 18. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block.p block   
Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Probably Post-​Transition   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
48   
99+
116   
2
Atomic Weight
112.41 amu   
99+
293.00 amu   
2
Atomic Volume
13.10 cm3/mol   
39
Not Available   
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4   
Valence Electron Potential
30.00 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
48   
99+
116   
2
Number of Neutrons
64   
99+
160   
4
Number of Electrons
48   
99+
116   
2
Crystal Structure
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
?
The crustal structure for this metal is Unknown or not yet discoveredNot Known   
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cadmium.jpg#100   
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Livermorium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
Not Available   
Covalent Radius
144.00 pm   
40
Not Available   
Van der Waals Radius
158.00 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
297.94 pm   
99+
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.89   
1
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Indium
  
  
Previous Element
Silver
  
Moscovium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
72.70 nΩ·m   
36
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω   
15
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Not Available   
Electrical Property
?
Semiconductor metals have conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator.Semiconductor   
Unknown   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
8.65   
36
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)   
26
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
96.60 W/m·K   
16
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
26.02 J/mol·K   
32
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
30.80 µm/(m·K)   
10
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
51.80 J/mol.K   
27
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
100.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
6.19 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Atomization
113.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
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