Properties of Copernicium and Gadolinium
Melting Point
Not Available
  
1,311.00 °C
  
35
Boiling Point
Not Available
  
3,233.00 °C
  
25
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available
  
2,680.00 m/s
  
34
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Cn
  
Gd
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available
  
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
1,154.90 kJ/mol
  
2
593.40 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
2,170.00 kJ/mol
  
9
1,170.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
4,245.40 kJ/mol
  
9
1,990.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
Not Available
  
1.96 g/amp-hr
  
32
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.90 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
  
Symbol
Cn
  
Gd
  
Period Number
7
  
6
  
Atomic Volume
Not Available
  
19.90 cm3/mol
  
20
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2
  
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
  
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available
  
46.10 (-eV)
  
34
Atom
  
  
Number of Neutrons
Not Available
  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available
  
Lattice Constant
Not Available
  
Lattice Angles
NA
  
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
Not Available
  
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available
  
0.01 10
6/cm Ω
  
99+
Electron Affinity
Not Available
  
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
Electrical Property
Unknown
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available
  
Magnetic Ordering
Unknown
  
Ferromagnetic
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
Not Available
  
0.23 J/(kg K)
  
27
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available
  
10.60 W/m·K
  
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
  
37.03 J/mol·K
  
2
Thermal Expansion
Not Available
  
9.40 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available
  
68.10 J/mol.K
  
16
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available
  
359.40 kJ/mol
  
21
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available
  
10.05 kJ/mol
  
36
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available
  
352.00 kJ/mol
  
27