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Properties of Rutherfordium and Gold

Rutherfordium
Gold
Properties of Gold & Rutherfordium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,100.00 °C   
11
1,064.43 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
5,500.00 °C   
3
2,807.00 °C   
36
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
194.00 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
216.00 MPa   
31
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
95.00 %   
2
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Rf   
Au   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
13   
26
36   
3
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.54   
1
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.42   
18
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.87   
7
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.92   
5
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Not Available   
1.46   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
Not Available   
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
5.10 eV   
4
Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces.Radioactivity   
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
23.20 g/cm3   
8
19.30 g/cm3   
15
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
17.31 g/cm3   
6
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
23
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
67.00 (Pa)   
4
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
120.00 MPa   
15
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
27.00 GPa   
27
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
180.00 GPa   
9
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
79.00 GPa   
24
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.40   
4
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Rf   
Au   
Group Number
4   
14
11   
7
Period Number
7   
6   
Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
104   
14
79   
37
Atomic Weight
267.00 amu   
11
196.97 amu   
33
Atomic Volume
Not Available   
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
Valence Electron Potential
Not Available   
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
104   
14
79   
37
Number of Neutrons
157   
7
118   
23
Number of Electrons
104   
14
79   
37
Crystal Structure
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
150.00 pm   
33
151.00 pm   
32
Covalent Radius
157.00 pm   
31
144.00 pm   
40
Van der Waals Radius
Not Available   
166.00 pm   
39
Lattice Constant
Not Available   
407.82 pm   
21
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.61   
4
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Dubnium
  
Mercury
  
Previous Element
Lawrencium
  
Platinum
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
Not Available   
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
Not Available   
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
Electrical Property
Unknown   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
Not Available   
19.32   
8
Magnetic Ordering
Unknown   
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
Not Available   
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Thermal Conductivity
Not Available   
318.00 W/m·K   
3
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Fusion
Not Available   
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
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