Properties of Tin and Protactinium
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C
  
21
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C
  
99+
4,027.00 °C
  
12
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s
  
32
Not Available
  
Allotropes
Yes
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (Alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (Gamma Tin)
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Sn
  
Pa
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
  
33
568.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol
  
30
1,814.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
  
99+
1.72 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available
  
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3
  
99+
15.37 g/cm3
  
20
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available
  
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
  
Young's Modulus
Not Available
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
  
Symbol
Sn
  
Pa
  
Group Number
Not Available
  
Period Number
5
  
7
  
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol
  
32
15.00 cm3/mol
  
34
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
  
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
  
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)
  
14
92.00 (-eV)
  
11
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100
  
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m
  
28
177.00 nΩ·m
  
21
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω
  
23
0.05 106/cm Ω
  
34
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol
  
8
Not Available
  
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)
  
28
0.12 J/(kg K)
  
40
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K
  
25
47.00 W/m·K
  
32
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K
  
20
Not Available
  
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)
  
20
9.90 µm/(m·K)
  
40
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K
  
29
198.10 J/mol.K
  
1
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol
  
32
Not Available
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol
  
99+
12.34 kJ/mol
  
28
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol
  
35
Not Available