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Properties of Tin and Sodium


Tin
Properties of Sodium & Tin


Physical Properties

Melting Point
231.90 °C   
99+
97.72 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C   
99+
883.00 °C   
99+

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
0.50   
22

Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa   
99+
0.69 MPa   
99+

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   

Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s   
32
3,200.00 m/s   
24

Allotropes
Yes   
No   

α Allotropes
Grey Tin (Alpha Tin, Tin Pest)   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (Gamma Tin)   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Sn   
Na   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
35   
4
17   
22

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.96   
8
0.93   
99+

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49   
15
0.56   
30

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72   
4
1.01   
35

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21   
3
0.91   
21

Allen Electronegativity
1.82   
11
0.87   
99+

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.04   
99+
3.07   
6

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol   
33
495.80 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol   
99+
4,562.00 kJ/mol   
4

3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol   
30
6,910.30 kJ/mol   
6

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.86 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
4.42 eV   
16
2.75 eV   
40

Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Flammable metals have ability to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion.Flammability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3   
99+
0.97 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3   
34
0.93 g/cm3   
99+

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
17
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa   
36
3.30 GPa   
99+

Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa   
20
6.30 GPa   
99+

Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa   
36
10.00 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
0.36   
8
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable
  
NA   

Periodic Table

Symbol
Sn   
Na   

Group Number
14   
4
1   
17

Period Number
5   
3   

Block
?
The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table and includes elements from the six columns beginning with column 13 and ending with column 18. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block.p block
  
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block
  

Element Family
?
All post transition metals are placed in group number 13, 14 and 15 of periodic table. In fact, they are located between Transition Metals and Metalloids. Post transition metals have very poor mechanical properties.Post-​Transition
  
?
All alkali metals are placed under group number 1 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are highly reactive and are found in ores of other metals and minerals. Alkali metals can be easily distinguished from others as these metals have only 1 electronAlkali
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
50   
99+
11   
99+

Atomic Weight
118.71 amu   
99+
22.99 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol   
32
23.70 cm3/mol   
10

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2   
[Ne] 3s1   

Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)   
14
14.10 (-eV)   
99+

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
50   
99+
11   
99+

Number of Neutrons
69   
99+
12   
99+

Number of Electrons
50   
99+
11   
99+

Crystal Structure
?
The tetragonal crystal structure occur as a result of stretching a cubic lattice along one of its lattice vectors due to which cube becomes a rectangular prism with a square shape at base.Tetragonal (TETR)
  
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  

Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Tin.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
140.00 pm   
38
186.00 pm   
9

Covalent Radius
139.00 pm   
99+
166.00 pm   
27

Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm   
23
227.00 pm   
21

Lattice Constant
583.18 pm   
7
429.06 pm   
19

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Cesium
  
Magnesium
  

Previous Element
Indium
  
Beryllium
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m   
28
47.70 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω   
23
0.21 106/cm Ω   
9

Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol   
8
52.80 kJ/mol   
19

Electrical Property
?
Under certain conditions, superconductor metals offer zero resistance to electric current it means this type of metals will conduct electricity without any resistance.Superconductor
  
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
7.31   
99+
0.97   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic
  
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)   
28
1.23 J/(kg K)   
3

Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K   
25
142.00 W/m·K   
11

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
2,573.00 K   
2

Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K   
20
28.23 J/mol·K   
10

Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)   
20
71.00 µm/(m·K)   
4

Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K   
29
51.30 J/mol.K   
28

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol   
32
89.04 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol   
99+
2.59 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol   
35
108.40 kJ/mol   
99+

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