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Sodium vs Zinc

Sodium
Zinc
Zinc vs Sodium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Na   
Zn   
Group Number
1   
17
12   
6
Period Number
3   
4   
Block
s block   
d block   
Element Family
Alkali   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440235   
99+
7440666   
24
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m   
P63/mmc   
Space Group Number
229.00   
1
194.00   
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
  • The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
  
  • Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
  • The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
  
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining   
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy   
Indian metallurgists   
Discovery
In 1807   
Before 1000 BCE   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-3 %   
6
3 * 10-5 %   
11
Abundance In Sun
~0.004 %   
6
~0.0002 %   
10
Abundance In Meteorites
0.55 %   
6
0.02 %   
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.30 %   
5
0.01 %   
16
Abundance In Oceans
1.10 %   
1
0.00 %   
10
Abundance In Humans
0.14 %   
3
0.00 %   
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
  • Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
  
  • It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
  • It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
  
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Pharmaceutical Industry   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Highly Toxic   
Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   
In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
1
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
6
In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.   
2
170.00 p.p.m.   
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
97.72 °C   
99+
419.58 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
883.00 °C   
99+
907.00 °C   
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Silvery Gray   
Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.50   
22
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa   
99+
327.00 MPa   
32
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s   
24
3,850.00 m/s   
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
1.00   
2
Reflectivity
Not Available   
80.00 %   
5
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Na   
Zn   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
17   
22
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.93   
99+
1.65   
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.56   
30
2.23   
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.01   
35
1.66   
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.91   
21
1.65   
11
Allen Electronegativity
0.87   
99+
1.59   
22
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.07   
6
2.35   
35
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol   
99+
906.40 kJ/mol   
6
2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol   
4
1,733.30 kJ/mol   
27
3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol   
6
3,833.00 kJ/mol   
12
4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol   
5
5,731.00 kJ/mol   
11
5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol   
4
7,970.00 kJ/mol   
9
6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol   
4
10,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol   
4
12,900.00 kJ/mol   
9
8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol   
4
16,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol   
4
19,600.00 kJ/mol   
8
10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol   
2
23,000.00 kJ/mol   
10
11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol   
2
26,400.00 kJ/mol   
11
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,990.00 kJ/mol   
11
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
40,490.00 kJ/mol   
5
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
43,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
47,300.00 kJ/mol   
8
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,300.00 kJ/mol   
9
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,900.00 kJ/mol   
10
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
59,700.00 kJ/mol   
11
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
67,300.00 kJ/mol   
10
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
171,200.00 kJ/mol   
1
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
179,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.22 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
2.75 eV   
40
4.33 eV   
17
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility   
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
11   
99+
30   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s1   
[Ar] 3d10 4s2   
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
11   
99+
30   
99+
Number of Neutrons
12   
99+
35   
99+
Number of Electrons
11   
99+
30   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm   
9
134.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
166.00 pm   
27
122.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm   
21
139.00 pm   
99+
Atomic Weight
22.99 amu   
99+
65.38 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol   
10
9.20 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Beryllium
  
Copper
  
Next Element
Magnesium
  
Gallium
  
Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)   
99+
38.90 (-eV)   
99+
Lattice Constant
429.06 pm   
19
266.49 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3   
99+
7.14 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3   
99+
6.57 g/cm3   
37
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa   
99+
43.00 GPa   
18
Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa   
99+
70.00 GPa   
19
Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa   
99+
108.00 GPa   
19
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.25   
24
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.97   
99+
6.90   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Conductor   
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m   
99+
59.00 nΩ·m   
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω   
9
0.17 106/cm Ω   
12
Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol   
19
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)   
3
0.39 J/(kg K)   
14
Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K   
10
25.47 J/mol·K   
39
Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K   
11
116.00 W/m·K   
14
Critical Temperature
2,573.00 K   
2
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)   
4
30.20 µm/(m·K)   
11
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol   
99+
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol   
99+
7.32 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol   
99+
129.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K   
28
41.60 J/mol.K   
36
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