Sodium Zinc Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Na
Zn
Group Number
1
17
12
6
Period Number
3
4
Block
s block
d block
Element Family
Alkali
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440235
99+
7440666
24
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- At room temperature Sodium metal is very soft as it can be chopped down into pieces with butter knife.
- The most common compound of Sodium is NaCl (Salt).
- Zinc metal found (obtain) in many forms like granules, foil, dust and in a powder form.
- The leading producers of Zinc metal are Australia, Canada, China, U.S.A and Peru.
Sources
By Electrolysis Process, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Humphry Davy
Indian metallurgists
Discovery
In 1807
Before 1000 BCE
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-3 %
6
3 * 10-5 %
11
Abundance In Sun
~0.004 %
6
~0.0002 %
10
Abundance In Meteorites
0.55 %
6
0.02 %
12
Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.30 %
5
0.01 %
16
Abundance In Oceans
1.10 %
1
0.00 %
10
Abundance In Humans
0.14 %
3
0.00 %
6
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- In some nuclear reactors sodium is used as a heat exchanger.
- Compound of Sodium metals called Salt (Sodium chloride) is used in Food.
- It is mainly used for Galvanizing other metals.
- It is also used for manufacturing die-casting and it is very essential for automobile industry.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Pharmaceutical Industry
Pharmaceutical Industry
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
1,970.00 Blood/mg dm-3
1
7.00 Blood/mg dm-3
6
In Bone
10,000.00 p.p.m.
2
170.00 p.p.m.
6
Physical Properties
Melting Point
97.72 °C
99+
419.58 °C
99+
Boiling Point
883.00 °C
99+
907.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Silvery Gray
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
0.50
22
2.50
14
Brinell Hardness
0.69 MPa
99+
327.00 MPa
32
Speed of Sound
3,200.00 m/s
24
3,850.00 m/s
18
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
Not Available
1.00
2
Reflectivity
Not Available
80.00 %
5
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Na
Zn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
17
22
25
14
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
0.93
99+
1.65
19
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.56
30
2.23
6
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.01
35
1.66
7
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.91
21
1.65
11
Allen Electronegativity
0.87
99+
1.59
22
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.07
6
2.35
35
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
495.80 kJ/mol
99+
906.40 kJ/mol
6
2nd Energy Level
4,562.00 kJ/mol
4
1,733.30 kJ/mol
27
3rd Energy Level
6,910.30 kJ/mol
6
3,833.00 kJ/mol
12
4th Energy Level
9,543.00 kJ/mol
5
5,731.00 kJ/mol
11
5th Energy Level
13,354.00 kJ/mol
4
7,970.00 kJ/mol
9
6th Energy Level
16,613.00 kJ/mol
4
10,400.00 kJ/mol
9
7th Energy level
20,117.00 kJ/mol
4
12,900.00 kJ/mol
9
8th Energy Level
25,496.00 kJ/mol
4
16,800.00 kJ/mol
6
9th Energy Level
28,932.00 kJ/mol
4
19,600.00 kJ/mol
8
10th Energy Level
141,362.00 kJ/mol
2
23,000.00 kJ/mol
10
11th Energy Level
159,076.00 kJ/mol
2
26,400.00 kJ/mol
11
12th Energy Level
Not Available
29,990.00 kJ/mol
11
13th Energy Level
Not Available
40,490.00 kJ/mol
5
14th Energy Level
Not Available
43,800.00 kJ/mol
6
15th Energy Level
Not Available
47,300.00 kJ/mol
8
16th Energy Level
Not Available
52,300.00 kJ/mol
9
17th Energy Level
Not Available
55,900.00 kJ/mol
10
18th Energy Level
Not Available
59,700.00 kJ/mol
11
19th Energy Level
Not Available
67,300.00 kJ/mol
10
20th Energy Level
Not Available
171,200.00 kJ/mol
1
21st Energy Level
Not Available
179,100.00 kJ/mol
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.86 g/amp-hr
99+
1.22 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
2.75 eV
40
4.33 eV
17
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
11
99+
30
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s1
[Ar] 3d10 4s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zinc.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
11
99+
30
99+
Number of Neutrons
12
99+
35
99+
Number of Electrons
11
99+
30
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
186.00 pm
9
134.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
166.00 pm
27
122.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
227.00 pm
21
139.00 pm
99+
Atomic Weight
22.99 amu
99+
65.38 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
23.70 cm3/mol
10
9.20 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
14.10 (-eV)
99+
38.90 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
429.06 pm
19
266.49 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
0.97 g/cm3
99+
7.14 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.93 g/cm3
99+
6.57 g/cm3
37
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
3.30 GPa
99+
43.00 GPa
18
Bulk Modulus
6.30 GPa
99+
70.00 GPa
19
Young's Modulus
10.00 GPa
99+
108.00 GPa
19
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.25
24
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
0.97
99+
6.90
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
47.70 nΩ·m
99+
59.00 nΩ·m
40
Electrical Conductivity
0.21 106/cm Ω
9
0.17 106/cm Ω
12
Electron Affinity
52.80 kJ/mol
19
0.00 kJ/mol
40
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
1.23 J/(kg K)
3
0.39 J/(kg K)
14
Molar Heat Capacity
28.23 J/mol·K
10
25.47 J/mol·K
39
Thermal Conductivity
142.00 W/m·K
11
116.00 W/m·K
14
Critical Temperature
2,573.00 K
2
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
71.00 µm/(m·K)
4
30.20 µm/(m·K)
11
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
89.04 kJ/mol
99+
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.59 kJ/mol
99+
7.32 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
108.40 kJ/mol
99+
129.70 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
51.30 J/mol.K
28
41.60 J/mol.K
36
|
||
|
||
|
|
||
|
||
|