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Titanium vs Bismuth


Bismuth vs Titanium


Periodic Table

Symbol
Ti   
Bi   

Group Number
4   
14
15   
3

Period Number
4   
6   

Block
d block   
p block   

Element Family
Transition Metal   
Post-​Transition   

CAS Number
7440326   
99+
7440699   
22

Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
C12/m1   

Space Group Number
194.00   
5
12.00   
12

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
  • Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
  
  • Bismuth metal is soluble and reacts with concentrated nitric acid.
  • It oxides are used as a yellow pigment in paint. Bismuth chloride oxide BiClO gives a pearly texture to cosmetics.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius   
Claude François Geoffroy   

Discovery
In 1791   
In 1753   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %   
9
7 * 10-8 %   
25

Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %   
9
~0.000006 %   
14

Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %   
11
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %   
7
0.00 %   
99+

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
15
0.00 %   
24

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
  • Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
  
  • Tin and bismuth alloys have a very low melting point and hence it is used in fire detector and the fire extinguishers. It also used in electric solders and fuses.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   

Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing   
Pharmaceutical Industry   

Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues   
Alloys   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
Low Toxic   

Present in Human Body
Yes   
Yes   

In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3   
16
0.02 Blood/mg dm-3   
20

In Bone
Not Available   
0.20 p.p.m.   
22

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,660.00 °C   
18
271.30 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C   
22
1,560.00 °C   
99+

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery Gray-White   
Silver   

Luster
Metallic   
Metallic   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
2.25   
15

Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa   
15
70.00 MPa   
99+

Vickers Hardness
830.00 MPa   
14
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s   
9
1,790.00 m/s   
99+

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Ti   
Bi   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
23   
16
33   
6

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.54   
26
2.02   
6

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.09   
20
2.34   
3

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.32   
23
1.67   
6

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.15   
4

Allen Electronegativity
1.38   
32
2.01   
4

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.46   
28
1.98   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol   
39
703.00 kJ/mol   
35

2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol   
99+
1,610.00 kJ/mol   
33

3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol   
99+
2,466.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/mol   
32
4,370.00 kJ/mol   
28

5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/mol   
5
5,400.00 kJ/mol   
30

6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/mol   
6
8,520.00 kJ/mol   
19

7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   

8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/mol   
8
Not Available   

9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/mol   
11
Not Available   

10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/mol   
15
Not Available   

11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/mol   
14
Not Available   

12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/mol   
14
Not Available   

13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/mol   
1
Not Available   

14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/mol   
2
Not Available   

15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/mol   
3
Not Available   

16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/mol   
4
Not Available   

17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   

18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/mol   
6
Not Available   

19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/mol   
7
Not Available   

20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/mol   
9
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.60 g/amp-hr   
19

Electron Work Function
4.33 eV   
17
4.22 eV   
22

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
22   
99+
83   
33

Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3   

Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Rhombohedral (RHO)   

Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100   
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Bismuth.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
22   
99+
83   
33

Number of Neutrons
26   
99+
126   
18

Number of Electrons
22   
99+
83   
33

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
147.00 pm   
34
156.00 pm   
29

Covalent Radius
160.00 pm   
30
148.00 pm   
36

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
207.00 pm   
26

Atomic Weight
47.87 amu   
99+
208.98 amu   
29

Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol   
99+
21.30 cm3/mol   
14

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Scandium
  
Lead
  

Next Element
Vanadium
  
Polonium
  

Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)   
10
41.90 (-eV)   
99+

Lattice Constant
295.08 pm   
99+
667.40 pm   
2

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
NA   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3   
99+
9.78 g/cm3   
39

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3   
99+
10.05 g/cm3   
18

Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa   
9
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)   
14
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa   
17
12.00 GPa   
99+

Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa   
15
31.00 GPa   
38

Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa   
18
32.00 GPa   
99+

Poisson Ratio
0.32   
12
0.33   
11

Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
NA   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
4.51   
99+
9.79   
30

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Diamagnetic   

Permeability
Not Available   
0.00 H/m   
6

Susceptibility
Not Available   
0.00   
6

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Semiconductor   

Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m   
12
1.29 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol   
37
91.20 kJ/mol   
11

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)   
9
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40

Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K   
99+
25.52 J/mol·K   
37

Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K   
99+
7.97 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
13.40 µm/(m·K)   
28

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol   
15
151.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol   
19
10.90 kJ/mol   
33

Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol   
15
207.10 kJ/mol   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
56.70 J/mol.K   
24

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