Mercury Iridium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Hg
Ir
Group Number
12
6
9
9
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7439976
99+
7439885
99+
Space Group Name
R_ 3m
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
166.00
6
225.00
2
Facts
Interesting Facts
- At room temperature mercury is found in a liquid state.
- A coin of pound or rupees floats in mercury.
- Because of its low melting point and boiling point it is used in thermometers.
- Iridium element occurs as natural alloys of Platinum and Osmium.
- Iridium element is known as the most corrosion resistance metal .
Sources
Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Ancient Chinese and Indians
Smithson Tennant
Discovery
Before 2000 BCE
In 1803
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
Not Available
2 * 10-7 %
22
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000002 %
25
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available
0.00 %
29
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.05 %
9
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- It is a liquid metal at room temperature, but it is a toxic heavy metal and hence many uses of mercury are under review or phased out.
- It is manly used as a catalysts in chemical industry.
- Iridium has an anti corrosion properties and it is used in special alloy with Osmium metal and that alloy is used in pen tips and compass bearings.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Mirror Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical Industry
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
Yes
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
23
Not Available
In Bone
0.45 p.p.m.
19
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
Not Available
2,410.00 °C
7
Boiling Point
356.58 °C
99+
4,527.00 °C
10
Appearance
Physical State
Liquid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silvery White
Luster
NA
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
6.50
5
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
1,670.00 MPa
5
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
1,760.00 MPa
3
Speed of Sound
1,451.40 m/s
99+
4,825.00 m/s
13
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.00
3
Not Available
Reflectivity
73.00 %
8
78.00 %
6
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Hg
Ir
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
34
5
34
5
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.00
7
2.20
4
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20
7
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.44
17
1.55
11
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.81
9
Not Available
Allen Electronegativity
1.44
30
1.68
17
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00
99+
1.80
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
1,007.10 kJ/mol
4
880.00 kJ/mol
9
2nd Energy Level
1,810.00 kJ/mol
20
1,600.00 kJ/mol
35
3rd Energy Level
3,300.00 kJ/mol
20
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.74 g/amp-hr
10
1.14 g/amp-hr
99+
Electron Work Function
4.49 eV
15
4.55 eV
13
Other Chemical Properties
Flammability, Ionization, Solubility
Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
80
36
77
39
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
Crystal Structure
Rhombohedral (RHO)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Mercury.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Iridium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
80
36
74
99+
Number of Neutrons
121
22
110
27
Number of Electrons
80
36
74
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm
32
136.00 pm
99+
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm
99+
141.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
155.00 pm
99+
202.00 pm
27
Atomic Weight
200.59 amu
32
192.22 amu
34
Atomic Volume
14.82 cm3/mol
35
9.53 cm3/mol
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
28.20 (-eV)
99+
140.00 (-eV)
5
Lattice Constant
300.50 pm
99+
383.90 pm
26
Lattice Angles
NA
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
13.53 g/cm3
24
22.56 g/cm3
10
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available
19.00 g/cm3
3
Tensile Strength
Not Available
2,000.00 MPa
2
Viscosity
0.00
1
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
25
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
Not Available
210.00 GPa
2
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
320.00 GPa
3
Young's Modulus
Not Available
528.00 GPa
1
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
0.26
22
Other Mechanical Properties
NA
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
13.53
16
21.78
3
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
961.00 nΩ·m
1
47.10 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω
10
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol
40
151.00 kJ/mol
4
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)
38
0.13 J/(kg K)
39
Molar Heat Capacity
27.98 J/mol·K
13
25.10 J/mol·K
99+
Thermal Conductivity
8.30 W/m·K
99+
147.00 W/m·K
10
Critical Temperature
1,750.00 K
6
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
60.40 µm/(m·K)
5
6.40 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
56.90 kJ/mol
99+
799.10 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.29 kJ/mol
99+
35.23 kJ/mol
1
Enthalpy of Atomization
61.50 kJ/mol
99+
837.00 kJ/mol
1
Standard Molar Entropy
75.80 J/mol.K
6
35.50 J/mol.K
99+
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