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Properties of Gold and Iron

Gold
Iron
Properties of Iron & Gold


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,064.43 °C   
99+
1,535.00 °C   
25
Boiling Point
2,807.00 °C   
36
2,750.00 °C   
37
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
4.00   
10
Brinell Hardness
194.00 MPa   
99+
200.00 MPa   
40
Vickers Hardness
216.00 MPa   
31
608.00 MPa   
18
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
95.00 %   
2
65.00 %   
12
Speed of Sound
2,030.00 m/s   
99+
5,120.00 m/s   
8
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
?
It forms below 770 °C (the Curie point, TC); Then the Iron becomes magnetic in its alpha form; BCC crystal structureFerrite (Alpha Iron)   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
?
It forms below 912 °C; BCC crystal structureBeta Iron   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
?
It forms below 1,394 °C; FCC crystal structureGamma Iron   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Au   
Fe   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
36   
3
26   
13
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
2.54   
1
1.83   
14
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.20   
7
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.42   
18
1.64   
8
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.87   
7
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
1.92   
5
1.80   
12
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.46   
99+
2.17   
40
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol   
8
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
2nd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol   
12
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
3rd Energy Level
Not Available   
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.45 g/amp-hr   
21
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
5.10 eV   
4
4.70 eV   
10
Other Chemical Properties
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.30 g/cm3   
15
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
17.31 g/cm3   
6
6.98 g/cm3   
35
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
23
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
67.00 (Pa)   
4
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Tensile Strength
120.00 MPa   
15
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa   
27
82.00 GPa   
11
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa   
9
170.00 GPa   
10
Young's Modulus
79.00 GPa   
24
211.00 GPa   
9
Poisson Ratio
0.40   
4
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Weldability of metals defines their ability to be welded.This property of metals also known as joinability.Weldable   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Au   
Fe   
Group Number
11   
7
8   
10
Period Number
6   
4   
Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
79   
37
26   
99+
Atomic Weight
196.97 amu   
33
55.85 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
10.20 cm3/mol   
99+
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1   
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
67.00 (-eV)   
20
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
79   
37
26   
99+
Number of Neutrons
118   
23
30   
99+
Number of Electrons
79   
37
26   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
151.00 pm   
32
126.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
144.00 pm   
40
132.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
166.00 pm   
39
200.00 pm   
28
Lattice Constant
407.82 pm   
21
286.65 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61   
4
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Mercury
  
Cobalt
  
Previous Element
Platinum
  
Manganese
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
2.20 nΩ·m   
99+
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
Electrical Conductivity
0.45 106/cm Ω   
3
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol   
1
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.32   
8
7.20   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
Ferromagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Susceptibility
Not Available   
2,00,000.00   
1
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
Thermal Conductivity
318.00 W/m·K   
3
80.40 W/m·K   
22
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
25.42 J/mol·K   
40
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Expansion
14.20 µm/(m·K)   
26
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
Standard Molar Entropy
47.40 J/mol.K   
32
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
324.40 kJ/mol   
27
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.55 kJ/mol   
27
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
364.00 kJ/mol   
25
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
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