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Properties of Iron and Magnesium

Iron
Magnesium
Properties of Magnesium & Iron


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,535.00 °C   
25
650.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
2,750.00 °C   
37
1,107.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
4.00   
10
2.50   
14
Brinell Hardness
200.00 MPa   
40
260.00 MPa   
36
Vickers Hardness
608.00 MPa   
18
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
65.00 %   
12
74.00 %   
7
Speed of Sound
5,120.00 m/s   
8
4,940.00 m/s   
11
Allotropes
Yes   
No   
α Allotropes
?
It forms below 770 °C (the Curie point, TC); Then the Iron becomes magnetic in its alpha form; BCC crystal structureFerrite (Alpha Iron)   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
?
It forms below 912 °C; BCC crystal structureBeta Iron   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
?
It forms below 1,394 °C; FCC crystal structureGamma Iron   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Fe   
Mg   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
26   
13
15   
24
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.83   
14
1.31   
31
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.20   
7
1.32   
18
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.64   
8
1.23   
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.37   
16
Allen Electronegativity
1.80   
12
1.29   
35
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.17   
40
2.69   
23
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
762.50 kJ/mol   
17
737.70 kJ/mol   
24
2nd Energy Level
1,561.90 kJ/mol   
36
1,450.70 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,957.00 kJ/mol   
29
7,732.70 kJ/mol   
5
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
4.70 eV   
10
3.66 eV   
29
Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Flammable metals have ability to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion.Highly Inflammable, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.87 g/cm3   
99+
1.74 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.98 g/cm3   
35
1.58 g/cm3   
99+
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
28
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
36.80 (Pa)   
5
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
11,000.00 MPa   
1
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
82.00 GPa   
11
17.00 GPa   
37
Bulk Modulus
170.00 GPa   
10
45.00 GPa   
25
Young's Modulus
211.00 GPa   
9
45.00 GPa   
39
Poisson Ratio
0.29   
15
0.29   
15
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Weldability of metals defines their ability to be welded.This property of metals also known as joinability.Weldable   
NA   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Fe   
Mg   
Group Number
8   
10
2   
16
Period Number
4   
3   
Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block   
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block   
Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal   
?
All alkaline earth metals are placed under group number 2 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are somewhat reactive at standard conditions. Alkaline earth metals appear shiny, silvery-white and are found in the earth’s crust.Alkaline Earth   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
26   
99+
12   
99+
Atomic Weight
55.85 amu   
99+
24.31 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
7.10 cm3/mol   
99+
13.97 cm3/mol   
37
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d6 4s2   
[Ne] 3s2   
Valence Electron Potential
67.00 (-eV)   
20
40.00 (-eV)   
99+
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
26   
99+
12   
99+
Number of Neutrons
30   
99+
12   
99+
Number of Electrons
26   
99+
12   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
126.00 pm   
99+
160.00 pm   
27
Covalent Radius
132.00 pm   
99+
141.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
173.00 pm   
37
Lattice Constant
286.65 pm   
99+
320.94 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Cobalt
  
Aluminium
  
Previous Element
Manganese
  
Sodium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
96.10 nΩ·m   
32
43.90 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.10 106/cm Ω   
20
0.23 106/cm Ω   
7
Electron Affinity
15.70 kJ/mol   
34
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.20   
99+
1.74   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Ferromagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
6.3 * 10-3 H/m   
1
Not Available   
Susceptibility
2,00,000.00   
1
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.44 J/(kg K)   
13
1.02 J/(kg K)   
4
Thermal Conductivity
80.40 W/m·K   
22
156.00 W/m·K   
8
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
25.10 J/mol·K   
99+
24.87 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.80 µm/(m·K)   
33
24.80 µm/(m·K)   
15
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K   
99+
32.70 J/mol.K   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
351.00 kJ/mol   
23
128.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
14.90 kJ/mol   
22
8.95 kJ/mol   
39
Enthalpy of Atomization
414.20 kJ/mol   
19
148.50 kJ/mol   
99+
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