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Properties of Lead and Polonium

Lead
Polonium
Properties of Polonium & Lead


Physical Properties
Melting Point
327.50 °C   
99+
254.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,740.00 °C   
99+
962.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
1.50   
18
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
38.00 MPa   
99+
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
1,190.00 m/s   
99+
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
?
simple cubic (metallic)Α-Polonium   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
?
rhombohedral (metallic)Β-Polonium   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pb   
Po   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.87   
13
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
2.29   
4
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.55   
11
1.76   
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.41   
2
2.48   
1
Allen Electronegativity
1.85   
8
2.19   
2
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
1.67   
99+
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
715.60 kJ/mol   
31
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
2nd Energy Level
1,450.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
3rd Energy Level
3,081.50 kJ/mol   
23
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.87 g/amp-hr   
9
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV   
21
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes   
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.34 g/cm3   
33
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
10.66 g/cm3   
15
9.40 g/cm3   
19
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
1.64 (Pa)   
7
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
12.00 MPa   
20
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
46.00 GPa   
24
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
16.00 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.44   
3
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable   
NA   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pb   
Po   
Group Number
14   
4
16   
2
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
?
The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table and includes elements from the six columns beginning with column 13 and ending with column 18. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block.p block   
?
The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table and includes elements from the six columns beginning with column 13 and ending with column 18. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block.p block   
Element Family
?
All post transition metals are placed in group number 13, 14 and 15 of periodic table. In fact, they are located between Transition Metals and Metalloids. Post transition metals have very poor mechanical properties.Post-​Transition   
?
All post transition metals are placed in group number 13, 14 and 15 of periodic table. In fact, they are located between Transition Metals and Metalloids. Post transition metals have very poor mechanical properties.Post-​Transition   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
82   
34
84   
32
Atomic Weight
207.20 amu   
30
209.00 amu   
28
Atomic Volume
18.17 cm3/mol   
27
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
Valence Electron Potential
24.20 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
82   
34
84   
32
Number of Neutrons
125   
19
125   
19
Number of Electrons
82   
34
84   
32
Crystal Structure
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)   
?
The mono-clinic crystal structure is one of the seven lattice point groups. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths and have two vectors perpendicular to the 3rd oneMonoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Lead.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
175.00 pm   
19
168.00 pm   
23
Covalent Radius
146.00 pm   
38
140.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
202.00 pm   
27
197.00 pm   
29
Lattice Constant
495.08 pm   
16
335.90 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Bismuth
  
Francium
  
Previous Element
Thallium
  
Bismuth
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
208.00 nΩ·m   
16
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
36
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
35.10 kJ/mol   
28
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
Electrical Property
?
Poor conductor metals have moderate resistance to electric currents. They can conduct electric current through them with very low efficiency.Poor Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.35   
25
9.32   
31
Magnetic Ordering
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
?
Nonmagnetic metals are non magnetic in nature and do not show or exhibit any magnetic properties.Nonmagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Thermal Conductivity
35.30 W/m·K   
38
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
26.65 J/mol·K   
26
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
Thermal Expansion
28.90 µm/(m·K)   
13
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
Standard Molar Entropy
64.80 J/mol.K   
17
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
179.40 kJ/mol   
99+
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
4.77 kJ/mol   
99+
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
194.60 kJ/mol   
99+
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
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