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Properties of Niobium and Rhodium


Properties of Rhodium & Niobium


Physical Properties

Melting Point
2,468.00 °C   
6
1,966.00 °C   
12

Boiling Point
2,468.00 °C   
99+
3,727.00 °C   
17

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
6.00   
6

Brinell Hardness
735.00 MPa   
14
980.00 MPa   
9

Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa   
12
1,100.00 MPa   
9

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   

Reflectivity
Not Available   
84.00 %   
4

Speed of Sound
3,480.00 m/s   
21
4,700.00 m/s   
15

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Nb   
Rh   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
17   
22
16   
23

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.60   
23
2.28   
3

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.42   
16
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23   
25
1.45   
16

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.41   
31
1.56   
24

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.40   
31
1.72   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
652.10 kJ/mol   
99+
719.70 kJ/mol   
29

2nd Energy Level
1,380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,740.00 kJ/mol   
26

3rd Energy Level
2,416.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,997.00 kJ/mol   
27

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
1.28 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
4.30 eV   
18
4.98 eV   
6

Other Chemical Properties
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
8.57 g/cm3   
99+
12.41 g/cm3   
28

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
10.70 g/cm3   
14

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
27
0.02 (Pa)   
19

Tensile Strength
330.00 MPa   
12
951.00 MPa   
5

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
38.00 GPa   
19
150.00 GPa   
6

Bulk Modulus
170.00 GPa   
10
275.00 GPa   
5

Young's Modulus
105.00 GPa   
20
380.00 GPa   
5

Poisson Ratio
0.40   
4
0.26   
22

Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable
  
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable
  

Periodic Table

Symbol
Nb   
Rh   

Group Number
5   
13
9   
9

Period Number
5   
5   

Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block
  
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block
  

Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal
  
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
41   
99+
45   
99+

Atomic Weight
92.91 amu   
99+
102.91 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
10.87 cm3/mol   
99+
8.30 cm3/mol   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d4 5s1   
[Kr] 4d8 5s1   

Valence Electron Potential
104.00 (-eV)   
8
64.00 (-eV)   
22

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
41   
99+
45   
99+

Number of Neutrons
52   
99+
58   
99+

Number of Electrons
41   
99+
45   
99+

Crystal Structure
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
?
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
  

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Rhodium.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
146.00 pm   
35
134.00 pm   
99+

Covalent Radius
164.00 pm   
28
142.00 pm   
99+

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
200.00 pm   
28

Lattice Constant
330.04 pm   
99+
380.34 pm   
27

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Molybdenum
  
Palladium
  

Previous Element
Zirconium
  
Ruthenium
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
152.00 nΩ·m   
23
43.30 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω   
28
0.21 106/cm Ω   
8

Electron Affinity
86.10 kJ/mol   
12
109.70 kJ/mol   
7

Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
8.57   
37
12.41   
20

Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.26 J/(kg K)   
20
0.24 J/(kg K)   
22

Thermal Conductivity
53.70 W/m·K   
29
150.00 W/m·K   
9

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
24.60 J/mol·K   
99+
24.98 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Expansion
7.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
8.20 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Standard Molar Entropy
36.40 J/mol.K   
99+
31.50 J/mol.K   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
696.60 kJ/mol   
4
495.40 kJ/mol   
12

Enthalpy of Fusion
27.20 kJ/mol   
6
21.76 kJ/mol   
10

Enthalpy of Atomization
745.00 kJ/mol   
4
556.50 kJ/mol   
12

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