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Properties of Potassium and Gallium

Potassium
Gallium
Properties of Gallium & Potassium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
63.65 °C   
99+
29.78 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
774.00 °C   
99+
2,403.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
0.40   
23
1.50   
18
Brinell Hardness
0.36 MPa   
99+
56.80 MPa   
99+
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,000.00 m/s   
99+
2,740.00 m/s   
31
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
K   
Ga   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
24   
15
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
0.82   
99+
1.81   
15
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.45   
31
2.42   
2
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
0.91   
39
1.82   
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
0.73   
23
2.01   
5
Allen Electronegativity
0.73   
99+
1.76   
14
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18   
3
2.19   
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
418.80 kJ/mol   
99+
578.80 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
3,052.00 kJ/mol   
5
1,979.30 kJ/mol   
13
3rd Energy Level
4,420.00 kJ/mol   
8
2,963.00 kJ/mol   
28
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.46 g/amp-hr   
99+
0.87 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
2.30 eV   
99+
4.20 eV   
23
Other Chemical Properties
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Flammable metals have ability to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion.Flammability, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
0.86 g/cm3   
99+
5.91 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
0.83 g/cm3   
99+
6.10 g/cm3   
99+
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
15
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
1.30 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
3.10 GPa   
99+
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
3.53 GPa   
99+
9.80 GPa   
99+
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.47   
1
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Periodic Table
Symbol
K   
Ga   
Group Number
1   
17
13   
5
Period Number
4   
4   
Block
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block   
?
The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table and includes elements from the six columns beginning with column 13 and ending with column 18. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block.p block   
Element Family
?
All alkali metals are placed under group number 1 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are highly reactive and are found in ores of other metals and minerals. Alkali metals can be easily distinguished from others as these metals have only 1 electronAlkali   
?
All post transition metals are placed in group number 13, 14 and 15 of periodic table. In fact, they are located between Transition Metals and Metalloids. Post transition metals have very poor mechanical properties.Post-​Transition   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
19   
99+
31   
99+
Atomic Weight
39.10 amu   
99+
69.72 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
45.46 cm3/mol   
3
11.80 cm3/mol   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 4s1   
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1   
Valence Electron Potential
10.40 (-eV)   
99+
69.70 (-eV)   
19
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
19   
99+
31   
99+
Number of Neutrons
20   
99+
39   
99+
Number of Electrons
19   
99+
31   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
?
Orthorhombic lattices occur due to stretching a cubic lattice along two of its orthogonal sides. It gets result in a rectangular prism with a rectangular at base. These 3 bases intersect each other at 90°.Orthorhombic (ORTH)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
227.00 pm   
3
135.00 pm   
99+
Covalent Radius
203.00 pm   
9
122.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
275.00 pm   
5
187.00 pm   
32
Lattice Constant
532.80 pm   
12
451.97 pm   
18
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Calcium
  
Rubidium
  
Previous Element
Aluminium
  
Zinc
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
72.00 nΩ·m   
37
270.00 nΩ·m   
15
Electrical Conductivity
0.14 106/cm Ω   
14
0.07 106/cm Ω   
29
Electron Affinity
48.40 kJ/mol   
22
28.90 kJ/mol   
31
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Semiconductor metals have conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator.Semiconductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
0.86   
99+
5.91   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Diamagnetic metals produce a magnetic field opposite to the applied magnetic field. Thus, they are repelled by magnets and show magnetic nature.Diamagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.75 J/(kg K)   
6
0.37 J/(kg K)   
16
Thermal Conductivity
102.50 W/m·K   
15
40.60 W/m·K   
34
Critical Temperature
2,223.00 K   
3
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
29.60 J/mol·K   
6
25.86 J/mol·K   
35
Thermal Expansion
83.30 µm/(m·K)   
3
18.00 µm/(m·K)   
24
Standard Molar Entropy
64.70 J/mol.K   
18
40.80 J/mol.K   
38
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
77.50 kJ/mol   
99+
256.10 kJ/mol   
36
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.32 kJ/mol   
99+
5.59 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
89.50 kJ/mol   
99+
276.10 kJ/mol   
39
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