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Properties of Samarium and Promethium

Samarium
Promethium
Properties of Promethium & Samarium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,072.00 °C   
99+
1,042.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
1,900.00 °C   
99+
3,000.00 °C   
31
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
441.00 MPa   
27
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
412.00 MPa   
24
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
2,130.00 m/s   
99+
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Sm   
Pm   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
30   
9
27   
12
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.17   
40
Not Available   
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.07   
32
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.83   
14
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
544.50 kJ/mol   
99+
540.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,070.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,050.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,260.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,150.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.87 g/amp-hr   
34
1.80 g/amp-hr   
36
Electron Work Function
2.70 eV   
99+
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes   
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.52 g/cm3   
99+
7.26 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
7.16 g/cm3   
32
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.94 (Pa)   
9
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
19.50 GPa   
34
18.00 GPa   
36
Bulk Modulus
37.80 GPa   
35
33.00 GPa   
36
Young's Modulus
49.70 GPa   
37
46.00 GPa   
38
Poisson Ratio
0.27   
19
0.28   
17
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Sm   
Pm   
Group Number
Not Available   
Not Available   
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide   
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
62   
99+
61   
99+
Atomic Weight
150.36 amu   
99+
145.00 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
19.95 cm3/mol   
19
22.39 cm3/mol   
12
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f6 6s2   
[Xe] 4f5 6s2   
Valence Electron Potential
44.80 (-eV)   
37
44.10 (-eV)   
39
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
62   
99+
61   
99+
Number of Neutrons
88   
39
84   
40
Number of Electrons
62   
99+
61   
99+
Crystal Structure
?
Rhombohedral crystal lattice structure comes under trigonal crystal structure. The Rhombohedral crystal structure is a term associated trigonal crystal structure with the rhombohedral lattice.Rhombohedral (RHO)   
?
In crystallography, the hexagonal crystal structure and its double hexagonal crystal structure is one of the 7 crystal structure, The hexagonal lattice system consists of just one Bravais lattice type: the hexagonal shape.Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Crystal Lattice
RHO-Crystal-Structure-of-Samarium.jpg#100   
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Promethium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
180.00 pm   
14
183.00 pm   
10
Covalent Radius
198.00 pm   
13
199.00 pm   
12
Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
236.00 pm   
16
Lattice Constant
362.10 pm   
33
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
Unknown   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Europium
  
Samarium
  
Previous Element
Promethium
  
Neodymium
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
0.94 nΩ·m   
99+
0.75 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
7.52   
99+
7.26   
99+
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.20 J/(kg K)   
31
0.18 J/(kg K)   
33
Thermal Conductivity
13.30 W/m·K   
99+
17.90 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
29.54 J/mol·K   
7
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
12.70 µm/(m·K)   
30
9.00 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
69.60 J/mol.K   
15
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
166.40 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Enthalpy of Fusion
8.62 kJ/mol   
40
7.50 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
209.00 kJ/mol   
99+
310.00 kJ/mol   
34
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