Properties of Yttrium and Niobium
Melting Point
1,523.00 °C
  
27
Boiling Point
3,337.00 °C
  
21
2,468.00 °C
  
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Vickers Hardness
Not Available
  
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
3,300.00 m/s
  
23
3,480.00 m/s
  
21
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Y
  
Nb
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
600.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
652.10 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,380.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2,416.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
  
99+
0.69 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
4.47 g/cm3
  
99+
8.57 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.24 g/cm3
  
99+
Not Available
  
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Symbol
Y
  
Nb
  
Period Number
5
  
5
  
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol
  
21
10.87 cm3/mol
  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
  
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
  
Valence Electron Potential
48.00 (-eV)
  
30
104.00 (-eV)
  
8
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100
  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
152.00 nΩ·m
  
23
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
  
99+
0.07 106/cm Ω
  
28
Electron Affinity
29.60 kJ/mol
  
30
86.10 kJ/mol
  
12
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.30 J/(kg K)
  
18
0.26 J/(kg K)
  
20
Thermal Conductivity
17.20 W/m·K
  
99+
53.70 W/m·K
  
29
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
26.53 J/mol·K
  
27
24.60 J/mol·K
  
99+
Thermal Expansion
10.60 µm/(m·K)
  
37
7.30 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
44.40 J/mol.K
  
33
36.40 J/mol.K
  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
393.00 kJ/mol
  
18
696.60 kJ/mol
  
4
Enthalpy of Fusion
17.15 kJ/mol
  
16
27.20 kJ/mol
  
6
Enthalpy of Atomization
418.00 kJ/mol
  
18
745.00 kJ/mol
  
4