Titanium Polonium Comparison
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ti
Po
Group Number
4
14
16
2
Period Number
4
6
Block
d block
p block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440326
99+
7440086
99+
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Pm-3m
Space Group Number
194.00
5
221.00
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
- The only metal which burns in Nitrogen is Titanium.
- Titanium is also known as corrosion resistant metal.
- Polonium was the first radioactive element to be discovered.
- Polonium element and its compounds are highly radioactive.
- Its alloy with Beryllium provides source of neutrons.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
Mining, Ores of metals
History
Who Discovered
W. Gregor & J. Berzelius
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
Discovery
In 1791
In 1898
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
3 * 10-4 %
9
Not Available
Abundance In Sun
~0.0004 %
9
~-9999 %
Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %
11
Not Available
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %
7
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
15
0.00 %
99+
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Its alloys are used in spacecraft, aircraft and ammunition industry.
- Its pipes are used in distillation plants, submarines, hulls of big ships, etc.
- Polonium metal has different Allotropes, it is used in antistatic devices and for research purpose.
- A 1 gram of Polonium can reach a temperature of 500°C, hence it is used as a heat source for space equipment.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Highly Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Blood
0.05 Blood/mg dm-3
16
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
Not Available
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,660.00 °C
18
254.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
3,287.00 °C
22
962.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Gray-White
Silver
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.00
6
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
716.00 MPa
15
Not Available
Vickers Hardness
830.00 MPa
14
Not Available
Speed of Sound
5,090.00 m/s
9
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
Yes
α Allotropes
Not Available
α-polonium
β Allotropes
Not Available
β-polonium
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ti
Po
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
23
16
29
10
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.54
26
2.00
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.09
20
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.32
23
1.76
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
2.48
1
Allen Electronegativity
1.38
32
2.19
2
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.46
28
2.00
99+
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
658.80 kJ/mol
39
812.10 kJ/mol
14
2nd Energy Level
1,309.80 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
3rd Energy Level
2,652.50 kJ/mol
99+
Not Available
4th Energy Level
4,174.60 kJ/mol
32
Not Available
5th Energy Level
9,581.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
6th Energy Level
11,533.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
7th Energy level
13,590.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
8th Energy Level
16,440.00 kJ/mol
8
Not Available
9th Energy Level
18,530.00 kJ/mol
11
Not Available
10th Energy Level
20,833.00 kJ/mol
15
Not Available
11th Energy Level
25,575.00 kJ/mol
14
Not Available
12th Energy Level
28,125.00 kJ/mol
14
Not Available
13th Energy Level
76,015.00 kJ/mol
1
Not Available
14th Energy Level
83,280.00 kJ/mol
2
Not Available
15th Energy Level
90,880.00 kJ/mol
3
Not Available
16th Energy Level
100,700.00 kJ/mol
4
Not Available
17th Energy Level
109,100.00 kJ/mol
5
Not Available
18th Energy Level
117,800.00 kJ/mol
6
Not Available
19th Energy Level
129,900.00 kJ/mol
7
Not Available
20th Energy Level
137,530.00 kJ/mol
9
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr
8
Electron Work Function
4.33 eV
17
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
22
99+
84
32
Electron Configuration
[Ar] 3d2 4s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Monoclinic (MON)
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Titanium.jpg#100
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
22
99+
84
32
Number of Neutrons
26
99+
125
19
Number of Electrons
22
99+
84
32
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
147.00 pm
34
168.00 pm
23
Covalent Radius
160.00 pm
30
140.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
197.00 pm
29
Atomic Weight
47.87 amu
99+
209.00 amu
28
Atomic Volume
10.64 cm3/mol
99+
22.23 cm3/mol
13
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
95.20 (-eV)
10
Not Available
Lattice Constant
295.08 pm
99+
335.90 pm
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
4.51 g/cm3
99+
9.20 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
4.11 g/cm3
99+
9.40 g/cm3
19
Tensile Strength
434.00 MPa
9
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)
14
Not Available
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
44.00 GPa
17
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
110.00 GPa
15
Not Available
Young's Modulus
116.00 GPa
18
Not Available
Poisson Ratio
0.32
12
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
4.51
99+
9.32
31
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Nonmagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
420.00 nΩ·m
12
0.40 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
7.60 kJ/mol
37
183.30 kJ/mol
3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.52 J/(kg K)
9
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Molar Heat Capacity
25.06 J/mol·K
99+
26.40 J/mol·K
28
Thermal Conductivity
21.90 W/m·K
99+
20.00 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
8.60 µm/(m·K)
99+
23.50 µm/(m·K)
16
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol
15
60.30 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol
19
13.00 kJ/mol
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol
15
134.00 kJ/mol
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K
99+
Not Available
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