Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Cmca
Interesting Facts
- Osmium metal does not oxidize in air unless it is heated.
- But if it heated den it forms Osmium Tetroxide, which is highly toxic.
- A gram of Gallium metal can be bought for only three dollars.
- Gallium metal found in ores of following things Coal, Bauxite, Diaspore, Sphalerite, Germanite and Zinc.
Sources
Found As a By-product, Found in Minerals, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Who Discovered
Smithson Tennant
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Discovery
In 1803
In 1875
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available
Uses & Benefits
- Its has very limited uses and its alloys are very hard and are used in the manufacturing of pen tips, pivots, needles and electrical contacts.
-
It is also used as industrial catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction.
- Gallium arsenide is a very important component of many semiconductors and led manufacturing.
- Gallium nitride is also know as a semiconductor and it is used in Blu-ray technology, mobile smartphones and LED.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
Yes
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silvery Bluish-Gray
Silvery White
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
Pauling Electropositivity
4th Energy Level
Not Available
Electrochemical Equivalent
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Orthorhombic (ORTH)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
Covalent Radius
Not Available
Valence Electron Potential
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Density At Room Temperature
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
Shear Modulus
Not Available
Bulk Modulus
Not Available
Young's Modulus
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
NA
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Electrical Property
Conductor
Semiconductor
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available