Properties of Gadolinium and Aluminium
Melting Point
1,311.00 °C
  
35
Boiling Point
3,233.00 °C
  
25
2,467.00 °C
  
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available
  
Brinell Hardness
Not Available
  
160.00 MPa
  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Reflectivity
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
2,680.00 m/s
  
34
5,000.00 m/s
  
10
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Gd
  
Al
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
593.40 kJ/mol
  
99+
577.50 kJ/mol
  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,170.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
1,816.70 kJ/mol
  
19
3rd Energy Level
1,990.00 kJ/mol
  
99+
2,744.80 kJ/mol
  
38
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.96 g/amp-hr
  
32
0.34 g/amp-hr
  
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
7.90 g/cm3
  
99+
2.70 g/cm3
  
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.38 g/cm3
  
99+
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Symbol
Gd
  
Al
  
Period Number
6
  
3
  
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol
  
20
10.00 cm3/mol
  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f7 5d1 6s2
  
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
  
Valence Electron Potential
46.10 (-eV)
  
34
80.70 (-eV)
  
17
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Gadolinium.jpg#100
  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Aluminium.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
28.20 nΩ·m
  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω
  
99+
0.38 106/cm Ω
  
4
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol
  
21
42.50 kJ/mol
  
26
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Magnetic Ordering
Ferromagnetic
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)
  
27
0.90 J/(kg K)
  
5
Thermal Conductivity
10.60 W/m·K
  
99+
237.00 W/m·K
  
4
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
37.03 J/mol·K
  
2
24.20 J/mol·K
  
99+
Thermal Expansion
9.40 µm/(m·K)
  
99+
23.10 µm/(m·K)
  
17
Standard Molar Entropy
68.10 J/mol.K
  
16
28.30 J/mol.K
  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
359.40 kJ/mol
  
21
293.70 kJ/mol
  
31
Enthalpy of Fusion
10.05 kJ/mol
  
36
10.67 kJ/mol
  
35
Enthalpy of Atomization
352.00 kJ/mol
  
27
322.20 kJ/mol
  
31