Properties of Gold and Silver
Melting Point
1,064.43 °C
  
99+
Boiling Point
2,807.00 °C
  
36
2,212.00 °C
  
99+
Hardness
  
  
Brinell Hardness
194.00 MPa
  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Speed of Sound
2,030.00 m/s
  
99+
2,680.00 m/s
  
34
Allotropes
No
  
No
  
α Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
β Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
γ Allotropes
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Chemical Formula
Au
  
Ag
  
Isotopes
  
  
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available
  
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
890.10 kJ/mol
  
8
731.00 kJ/mol
  
27
2nd Energy Level
1,980.00 kJ/mol
  
12
2,070.00 kJ/mol
  
11
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
  
3,361.00 kJ/mol
  
19
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.45 g/amp-hr
  
21
4.02 g/amp-hr
  
7
Other Chemical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.30 g/cm3
  
15
10.49 g/cm3
  
35
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available
  
Tensile Strength
Not Available
  
Viscosity
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Other Mechanical Properties
Symbol
Au
  
Ag
  
Period Number
6
  
5
  
Atomic Weight
107.87 amu
  
99+
Atomic Volume
10.20 cm3/mol
  
99+
10.30 cm3/mol
  
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1
  
[Kr] 4d10 5s1
  
Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)
  
99+
11.40 (-eV)
  
99+
Atom
  
  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Gold.jpg#100
  
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Silver.jpg#100
  
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
π/2, π/2, π/2
  
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
  
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
15.87 nΩ·m
  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.45 106/cm Ω
  
3
0.63 106/cm Ω
  
1
Electron Affinity
222.80 kJ/mol
  
1
125.60 kJ/mol
  
5
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Permeability
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Susceptibility
Not Available
  
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)
  
39
0.24 J/(kg K)
  
25
Thermal Conductivity
318.00 W/m·K
  
3
429.00 W/m·K
  
1
Critical Temperature
Not Available
  
Not Available
  
Molar Heat Capacity
25.42 J/mol·K
  
40
25.35 J/mol·K
  
99+
Thermal Expansion
14.20 µm/(m·K)
  
26
18.90 µm/(m·K)
  
23
Standard Molar Entropy
47.40 J/mol.K
  
32
42.60 J/mol.K
  
35
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
324.40 kJ/mol
  
27
255.10 kJ/mol
  
37
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.55 kJ/mol
  
27
11.30 kJ/mol
  
31
Enthalpy of Atomization
364.00 kJ/mol
  
25
284.50 kJ/mol
  
37