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Properties of Lutetium and Polonium

Lutetium
Polonium
Properties of Polonium & Lutetium


Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,652.00 °C   
19
254.00 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,402.00 °C   
19
962.00 °C   
99+
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   
Brinell Hardness
893.00 MPa   
10
Not Available   
Vickers Hardness
1,160.00 MPa   
8
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   
Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allotropes
No   
Yes   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
?
simple cubic (metallic)Α-Polonium   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
?
rhombohedral (metallic)Β-Polonium   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Lu   
Po   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
35   
4
29   
10
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.27   
34
2.00   
7
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14   
28
1.76   
2
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.48   
1
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.19   
2
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.73   
20
2.00   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
523.50 kJ/mol   
99+
812.10 kJ/mol   
14
2nd Energy Level
1,340.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
3rd Energy Level
2,022.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.18 g/amp-hr   
23
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8
Electron Work Function
3.30 eV   
33
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
9.84 g/cm3   
38
9.20 g/cm3   
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.30 g/cm3   
22
9.40 g/cm3   
19
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
33
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
3.18 (Pa)   
11
Not Available   
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
27.20 GPa   
26
Not Available   
Bulk Modulus
47.60 GPa   
23
Not Available   
Young's Modulus
68.60 GPa   
30
Not Available   
Poisson Ratio
0.26   
21
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   
Periodic Table
Symbol
Lu   
Po   
Group Number
Not Available   
16   
2
Period Number
6   
6   
Block
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block   
?
The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table and includes elements from the six columns beginning with column 13 and ending with column 18. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block.p block   
Element Family
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide   
?
All post transition metals are placed in group number 13, 14 and 15 of periodic table. In fact, they are located between Transition Metals and Metalloids. Post transition metals have very poor mechanical properties.Post-​Transition   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
71   
99+
84   
32
Atomic Weight
174.97 amu   
40
209.00 amu   
28
Atomic Volume
17.78 cm3/mol   
30
22.23 cm3/mol   
13
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 6s2 4f14 5d1   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   
Valence Electron Potential
50.90 (-eV)   
26
Not Available   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
71   
99+
84   
32
Number of Neutrons
104   
30
125   
19
Number of Electrons
71   
99+
84   
32
Crystal Structure
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
?
The mono-clinic crystal structure is one of the seven lattice point groups. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths and have two vectors perpendicular to the 3rd oneMonoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
174.00 pm   
20
168.00 pm   
23
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
140.00 pm   
99+
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm   
22
197.00 pm   
29
Lattice Constant
350.31 pm   
99+
335.90 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59   
10
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Next Element
Hafnium
  
Francium
  
Previous Element
Ytterbium
  
Bismuth
  
Magnetic Properties
Electrical Properties
  
  
Resistivity
582.00 nΩ·m   
9
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
183.30 kJ/mol   
3
Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor   
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
9.84   
29
9.32   
31
Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic   
?
Nonmagnetic metals are non magnetic in nature and do not show or exhibit any magnetic properties.Nonmagnetic   
Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   
Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.15 J/(kg K)   
36
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Thermal Conductivity
16.40 W/m·K   
99+
20.00 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
26.86 J/mol·K   
24
26.40 J/mol·K   
28
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16
Standard Molar Entropy
51.00 J/mol.K   
30
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
355.90 kJ/mol   
22
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
18.70 kJ/mol   
13
13.00 kJ/mol   
26
Enthalpy of Atomization
398.00 kJ/mol   
20
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+
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