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Properties of Magnesium and Polonium


Properties of Polonium & Magnesium


Physical Properties

Melting Point
650.00 °C   
99+
254.00 °C   
99+

Boiling Point
1,107.00 °C   
99+
962.00 °C   
99+

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
2.50   
14
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
260.00 MPa   
36
Not Available   

Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
Not Available   

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   

Reflectivity
74.00 %   
7
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
4,940.00 m/s   
11
Not Available   

Allotropes
No   
Yes   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
?
simple cubic (metallic)Α-Polonium
  

β Allotropes
Not Available   
?
rhombohedral (metallic)Β-Polonium
  

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Mg   
Po   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
15   
24
29   
10

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.31   
31
2.00   
7

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.32   
18
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23   
25
1.76   
2

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.37   
16
2.48   
1

Allen Electronegativity
1.29   
35
2.19   
2

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.69   
23
2.00   
99+

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
737.70 kJ/mol   
24
812.10 kJ/mol   
14

2nd Energy Level
1,450.70 kJ/mol   
99+
Not Available   

3rd Energy Level
7,732.70 kJ/mol   
5
Not Available   

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.45 g/amp-hr   
99+
3.90 g/amp-hr   
8

Electron Work Function
3.66 eV   
29
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
?
Corrosion is a process which converts refined metals to their more stable forms, for example, its oxide and hydroxide. This process of metals getting corroded is a gradual destruction of metals by chemical reactions.Corrosion, 
?
Flammable metals have ability to burn or ignite, causing fire or combustion.Highly Inflammable, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
1.74 g/cm3   
99+
9.20 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
1.58 g/cm3   
99+
9.40 g/cm3   
19

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
Not Available   
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
17.00 GPa   
37
Not Available   

Bulk Modulus
45.00 GPa   
25
Not Available   

Young's Modulus
45.00 GPa   
39
Not Available   

Poisson Ratio
0.29   
15
Not Available   

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
NA   

Periodic Table

Symbol
Mg   
Po   

Group Number
2   
16
16   
2

Period Number
3   
6   

Block
?
The s-block is on the left side of the periodic table that includes elements from the first two columns, the alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals (group 2), plus helium.s block
  
?
The p-block is on the right side of the periodic table and includes elements from the six columns beginning with column 13 and ending with column 18. Helium, though being in the top of group 18, is not included in the p-block.p block
  

Element Family
?
All alkaline earth metals are placed under group number 2 and s-block of periodic table. These metals are somewhat reactive at standard conditions. Alkaline earth metals appear shiny, silvery-white and are found in the earth’s crust.Alkaline Earth
  
?
All post transition metals are placed in group number 13, 14 and 15 of periodic table. In fact, they are located between Transition Metals and Metalloids. Post transition metals have very poor mechanical properties.Post-​Transition
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
12   
99+
84   
32

Atomic Weight
24.31 amu   
99+
209.00 amu   
28

Atomic Volume
13.97 cm3/mol   
37
22.23 cm3/mol   
13

Electron Configuration
[Ne] 3s2   
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4   

Valence Electron Potential
40.00 (-eV)   
99+
Not Available   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
12   
99+
84   
32

Number of Neutrons
12   
99+
125   
19

Number of Electrons
12   
99+
84   
32

Crystal Structure
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  
?
The mono-clinic crystal structure is one of the seven lattice point groups. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths. Here vectors of crystal have unequal lengths and have two vectors perpendicular to the 3rd oneMonoclinic (MON)
  

Crystal Lattice
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Magnesium.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Polonium.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
160.00 pm   
27
168.00 pm   
23

Covalent Radius
141.00 pm   
99+
140.00 pm   
99+

Van der Waals Radius
173.00 pm   
37
197.00 pm   
29

Lattice Constant
320.94 pm   
99+
335.90 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, π/2   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Aluminium
  
Francium
  

Previous Element
Sodium
  
Bismuth
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
43.90 nΩ·m   
99+
0.40 nΩ·m   
99+

Electrical Conductivity
0.23 106/cm Ω   
7
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol   
40
183.30 kJ/mol   
3

Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
1.74   
99+
9.32   
31

Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  
?
Nonmagnetic metals are non magnetic in nature and do not show or exhibit any magnetic properties.Nonmagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
1.02 J/(kg K)   
4
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40

Thermal Conductivity
156.00 W/m·K   
8
20.00 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
24.87 J/mol·K   
99+
26.40 J/mol·K   
28

Thermal Expansion
24.80 µm/(m·K)   
15
23.50 µm/(m·K)   
16

Standard Molar Entropy
32.70 J/mol.K   
99+
Not Available   

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
128.70 kJ/mol   
99+
60.30 kJ/mol   
99+

Enthalpy of Fusion
8.95 kJ/mol   
39
13.00 kJ/mol   
26

Enthalpy of Atomization
148.50 kJ/mol   
99+
134.00 kJ/mol   
99+

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