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Properties of Niobium and Holmium


Properties of Holmium & Niobium


Physical Properties

Melting Point
2,468.00 °C   
6
1,461.00 °C   
30

Boiling Point
2,468.00 °C   
99+
2,600.00 °C   
99+

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
6.00   
6
Not Available   

Brinell Hardness
735.00 MPa   
14
746.00 MPa   
13

Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa   
12
481.00 MPa   
23

Optical Properties
  
  

Refractive Index
Not Available   
Not Available   

Reflectivity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Speed of Sound
3,480.00 m/s   
21
2,760.00 m/s   
30

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Nb   
Ho   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
17   
22
34   
5

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.60   
23
1.23   
37

Sanderson Electronegativity
1.42   
16
Not Available   

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.23   
25
1.10   
30

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Allen Electronegativity
1.41   
31
Not Available   

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.40   
31
2.77   
17

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
652.10 kJ/mol   
99+
581.00 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,380.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,140.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,416.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,204.00 kJ/mol   
99+

Electrochemical Equivalent
0.69 g/amp-hr   
99+
2.02 g/amp-hr   
29

Electron Work Function
4.30 eV   
18
Not Available   

Other Chemical Properties
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  
?
Stable metals are non radioactive metals and have zero valence electrons in the outer shell.Chemical Stability, 
?
Anti-corrosion metals have the protection on their surfaces which protect them from corroding in corrosive environments.Anti Corrosion, 
?
Ionization is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.Ionization, 
?
Radioactive metals emit particles and radiation from their nuclei. This process comes in the picture because their nuclei experience the intense conflict between two strong forces. This metal also have radioactive isotopes.Radioactive Isotopes, 
?
Solubility is a chemical property referring to the ability for a given substance, the solute, to dissolve in a solvent.Solubility
  

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
8.57 g/cm3   
99+
8.79 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
8.34 g/cm3   
26

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
16

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
27
Not Available   

Tensile Strength
330.00 MPa   
12
Not Available   

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
38.00 GPa   
19
26.30 GPa   
28

Bulk Modulus
170.00 GPa   
10
40.20 GPa   
32

Young's Modulus
105.00 GPa   
20
64.80 GPa   
31

Poisson Ratio
0.40   
4
0.23   
29

Other Mechanical Properties
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable
  
?
Ductility of metals defines their ability to deform under tensile stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to be stretched into a wire.Ductile, 
?
Malleability of metals defines their ability to deform under compressive stress; this is often characterized by the metals ability to form a thin sheet by hammering or rolling.Malleable, 
?
Sectility is the ability to be cut into pieces. Metals and paper are sectile.Sectile
  

Periodic Table

Symbol
Nb   
Ho   

Group Number
5   
13
Not Available   

Period Number
5   
6   

Block
?
The d-block is on the middle of the periodic table and includes elements from columns 3 through 12. These elements are also known as the transition metals because they show a transitivity in their properties i.e. they show a trend in their properties.d block
  
?
The f-block is in the center-left of a 32-column periodic table but in the footnoted appendage of 18-column tables. These elements are not generally considered as part of any group. They are often called inner transition metals.f block
  

Element Family
?
What is Transition Metal? All transition metals are placed under the d-block from group number 3 to 12. Transition metals show characteristics like malleability, ductility and are good conductor of electricity.Transition Metal
  
?
Total 15 metals are included in Lanthanide series from Lanthanum to Lutetium. Lanthanide series is located under f and d block of the periodic table.Lanthanide
  

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
41   
99+
67   
99+

Atomic Weight
92.91 amu   
99+
164.93 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
10.87 cm3/mol   
99+
18.70 cm3/mol   
24

Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d4 5s1   
[Xe] 4f11 6s2   

Valence Electron Potential
104.00 (-eV)   
8
47.90 (-eV)   
31

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
41   
99+
67   
99+

Number of Neutrons
52   
99+
98   
34

Number of Electrons
41   
99+
67   
99+

Crystal Structure
?
BCC is a basis type of cubic crystal structure. In crystallography, the cubic crystals structure is a crystal system where the unit cell has a cube shaped structure. This is one of the simplest crystal structure found in crystals of metal.Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
  
?
The hexagonal crystal system consists of the 7 point groups such that all their space groups have the hexagonal lattice as underlying lattice. The hexagonal crystal family consists of the 12 point groups such that at least one of their space groups has theHexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
  

Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Holmium.jpg#100   

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
146.00 pm   
35
176.00 pm   
18

Covalent Radius
164.00 pm   
28
192.00 pm   
17

Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
216.00 pm   
24

Lattice Constant
330.04 pm   
99+
357.73 pm   
38

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
1.57   
17

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Next Element
Molybdenum
  
Erbium
  

Previous Element
Zirconium
  
Dysprosium
  

Magnetic Properties

Electrical Properties
  
  

Resistivity
152.00 nΩ·m   
23
814.00 nΩ·m   
4

Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω   
28
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
86.10 kJ/mol   
12
50.00 kJ/mol   
21

Electrical Property
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  
?
Conductor metals have very low resistance to electric currents. They can easily conduct electric current through them.Conductor
  

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
8.57   
37
8.80   
35

Magnetic Ordering
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  
?
Paramagnetic metals are slightly attracted by magnet, but they can’t retain the magnetic effect once they are removed from the magnetic field.Paramagnetic
  

Permeability
Not Available   
Not Available   

Susceptibility
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.26 J/(kg K)   
20
0.16 J/(kg K)   
35

Thermal Conductivity
53.70 W/m·K   
29
16.20 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Molar Heat Capacity
24.60 J/mol·K   
99+
27.15 J/mol·K   
19

Thermal Expansion
7.30 µm/(m·K)   
99+
11.20 µm/(m·K)   
35

Standard Molar Entropy
36.40 J/mol.K   
99+
75.30 J/mol.K   
8

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
696.60 kJ/mol   
4
241.00 kJ/mol   
38

Enthalpy of Fusion
27.20 kJ/mol   
6
11.76 kJ/mol   
29

Enthalpy of Atomization
745.00 kJ/mol   
4
301.00 kJ/mol   
36

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